Strong-field photoelectron holography beyond the electric dipole approximation: a semiclassical analysis

Abstract

Strong-field photoelectron holography denotes the interference of various electron paths in laser-induced ionization of atoms, leading to interference patterns in the final momentum distribution. For a quantitative description of holography beyond the electric dipole approximation and in the presence of the Coulomb potential, we develop a semiclassical model in which the initial conditions of outgoing electrons are set according to the beyond-dipole strong-field approximation for the ionization step. The phases associated with trajectories are evaluated following the prescription for semiclassical propagators. The validity of the method is confirmed by comparison to the numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in two spatial dimensions. The semiclassical model reproduces correctly the backward and forward shifts of the photoelectron momenta along the laser propagation axis that arise from beyond-dipole dynamics. The position of the central holographic interference fringe can be estimated already from a simplified Coulomb-free interference model that provides closed-form expressions for the beyond-dipole shifts. In three dimensions, Coulomb focusing causes a breakdown of the semiclassical model for final momenta with directions close to the polarization axis. We implement a beyond-dipole regularization procedure based on the concept of glory scattering, which was recently used to describe Coulomb focusing in the dipole approximation. While the position of the central maximum and higher-order fringes can already be obtained approximately by simpler semiclassical modeling, this glory model is able to predict the shape of the distribution in the close vicinity of the central maximum. The violation of the dipole approximation in holography should be observable with mid-infrared fields, for which the forward/backward shifts can be comparable with the fringe spacing.

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Cited by in corpus (9)

• Magnetic fields alter tunneling in strong-field ionization
• Gouy's Phase Anomaly in Electron Waves Produced by Strong-Field Ionization
• Magnetic-field effect in high-order above-threshold ionization
• Holographic interferences in strong-field ionization beyond the dipole approximation: The influence of the peak and focal volume averaged laser intensity
• Nondipole effects in tunneling ionization by intense laser pulses
• Disappearance and reappearance of above-threshold-ionization peaks
• Semiclassical Trajectory Perspective of Glory Rescattering in Strong-field Photoelectron Holography
• Controlling Magnetic and Electric Nondipole Effects with Synthesized Two Perpendicularly Propagating Laser Fields
• Subfemtosecond glory hologrammetry for vectorial optical waveform reconstruction