Novel families of $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ AKLT states with arbitrary self-conjugate edge states

Abstract

Using the Matrix Product State framework, we generalize the Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) construction to one-dimensional spin liquids with global color $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ symmetry, finite correlation lengths, and edge states that can belong to any self-conjugate irreducible representation (irrep) of $\mathrm{SU}(N)$. In particular, $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ spin-$1$ AKLT states with edge states of arbitrary spin $s=1/2,1,3/2,\cdots$ are constructed, and a general formula for their correlation length is given. Furthermore, we show how to construct local parent Hamiltonians for which these AKLT states are unique ground states. This enables us to study the stability of the edge states by interpolating between exact AKLT Hamiltonians. As an example, in the case of spin-$1$ physical degrees of freedom, it is shown that a quantum phase transition of central charge $c=1$ separates the Symmetry Protected Topological (SPT) phase with spin-$1/2$ edge states from a topologically trivial phase with spin-$1$ edge states. We also address some specificities of the generalization to $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ with $N>2$, in particular regarding the construction of parent Hamiltonians. For the AKLT state of the $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ model with the $3$-box symmetric representation, we prove that the edge states are in the $8$-dimensional adjoint irrep, and for the $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ model with adjoint irrep at each site, we are able to construct two different reflection-symmetric AKLT Hamiltonians, each with a unique ground state which is either even or odd under reflection symmetry and with edge states in the adjoint irrep. Finally, examples of two-column and adjoint physical irreps for $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ with $N$ even and with edge states living in the antisymmetric irrep with $N/2$ boxes are given, with a conjecture about the general formula for their correlation lengths.

37 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables

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• Skeleton of Matrix-Product-State-Solvable Models Connecting Topological Phases of Matter
• Flag manifold sigma models: spin chains and integrable theories
• Haldane Gap of the Three-Box Symmetric $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ Chain
• Symmetry-protected topological phases in the SU(N) Heisenberg spin chain: a Majorana-fermion approach
• The Haldane gap in the SU(3) [3 0 0] Heisenberg chain
• Density Matrix Renormalization Group simulations of the SU(N) Fermi-Hubbard chain implementing the full SU(N) symmetry via Semi-Standard Young Tableaux and Unitary Group Subduction Coefficients
• A brief note on the G${}_2$ Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki chain