Small-x analysis on the effect of gluon recombinations inside hadrons in light of the GLR-MQ-ZRS equation

Abstract

We present a study of the contribution of antishadowing effects on the gluon distribution functions $G(x,Q^2)$ in light of the Gribov-Levin-Ryskin-Mueller-Qiu, Zhu-Ruan-Shen (GLR-MQ-ZRS) nonlinear equation at small-$x$, where $x$ is the momentum fraction or Bjorken variable and $Q^2$ is the four momentum transfer squared or photon virtuality. In this work, we have solved the GLR-MQ-ZRS nonlinear equation using Regge like the behavior of gluons in the kinematic range of $10^{-2}\le x\le 10^{-6}$ and $5Ge{V}^2\le Q^2\le 100Ge{V}^2$ respectively. We have obtained the solution of $G(x,Q^2)$ by considering two particular cases: (a) ${\alpha }_s$ fixed; and (b) the leading order QCD dependency of ${\alpha }_s$ on $Q^2$. A comparative analysis is also performed where we compare the gluon distribution function due to inclusion of the antishadowing effect with that of the gluon distribution without including the antishadowing effect. Our obtained results of $G(x,Q^2)$ are compared with NNPDF3.0, CT14 and PDF4LHC. We also compare our results with the result obtained from the IMParton C++ package. Using the solutions of $G(x,Q^2)$, we have also predicted $x$ and $Q^2$ evolution of the logarithmic derivative of proton's $F_2$ structure function i.e. $d{F}_2(x,Q^2)/d\ln Q^2$. We incorporated both the leading order(LO) and next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD contributions of the gluon-quark splitting kernels, in $d{F}_2(x,Q^2)/d\ln Q^2$. Our result of $d{F}_2(x,Q^2)/d\ln Q^2$ agrees reasonably well with the experimental data recorded by HERA's H1 detector.

arXiv comment24 pages, 7 figures, new references added, new text added in the Introduction and the Results and Discussion section, Accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics A

References in corpus (38)

• Operator expansion for high-energy scattering
• LHAPDF6: parton density access in the LHC precision era
• New parton distribution functions from a global analysis of quantum chromodynamics
• Small-x F_2 Structure Function of a Nucleus Including Multiple Pomeron Exchanges
• The Three-Loop Splitting Functions in QCD: The Singlet Case
• Geometric scaling for the total gamma^* p cross section in the low x region
• Deep-Inelastic Inclusive ep Scattering at Low x and a Determination of alpha_s
• Unitarity and the BFKL Pomeron
• Factorization and high-energy effective action
• APFEL: A PDF Evolution Library with QED corrections
• Parton Saturation at Small x and in Large Nuclei
• Small x: Two Pomerons!
• Effective field theory for the small-x evolution
• The PDF4LHC report on PDFs and LHC data: Results from Run I and preparation for Run II
• Unintegrated gluon distribution from modified BK equation
• Non-linear QCD evolution with improved triple-pomeron vertices
• APFEL Web: a web-based application for the graphical visualization of parton distribution functions
• A new modified Altarelli-Parisi evolution equation with parton recombination in proton
• Perturbative Evolution and Regge Behaviour
• The proton's gluon distribution
• The Gluon Density of the Proton at Low $x$ from a QCD Analysis of $F_2$
• The Impact of LHC Jet Data on the MMHT PDF Fit at NNLO
• Improved Geometrical Scaling at the LHC
• The Dipole Picture and Saturation in Soft Processes
• A momentum Space Analysis of the Triple Pomeron Vertex in pQCD
• On the inclusive gluon jet production from the triple pomeron vertex in the perturbative QCD
• The chaotic effects in a nonlinear QCD evolution equation
• Nonlinear GLR-MQ evolution equation and Q^2-evolution of gluon distribution function
• NNLO solution of nonlinear GLR-MQ evolution equation to determine gluon distribution function using Regge like ansatz
• Neutron spin-dependent structure function, Bjorken sum rule, and first evidence for singlet contribution at low $x$
• Simultaneous QCD analysis of diffractive and inclusive DIS data
• Nonlinear effects in gluon distribution predicted by GLR-MQ evolution equation at next-to-leading order in LHC data
• Scaling Violations in the $Q^2$ Logarithmic Derivative of $F_2$
• From EMC- and Cronin-effects to signals of quark-gluon plasma
• Theoretical issues of small $x$ physics
• On phenomenological study of the solution of nonlinear GLR-MQ evolution equation beyond leading order
• Analysis of the logarithmic slope of $F_2$ from the Regge gluon density behavior at small $x$
• Pomeron fan diagrams in perturbative QCD

Cited by in corpus (3)

• The color dipole model bounds with the gluon-gluon recombination correction
• Nonlinear corrections on the parameterization methods
• An analytical solution of Balitsky-Kovchegov equation using homotopy perturbation method