Equation of State for Cosmological Matter at and beyond QCD and Electroweak Eras

Abstract

Various thermodynamic quantities for baryon-free matter are calculated by combining the most reliable non-perturbative and perturbative calculations, especially the most recent ones including as many quark flavors as possible. We extend these calculations by including other degrees of freedom (dof), such as photons, neutrinos, leptons, electroweak particles, and Higgs bosons, that allows us to consider the temperatures up to the TeV-scale. The calculations show that similar to QCD, the EW phase transition is also a crossover. We have found that while the equation of state for the hadronic matter is linear, $p/\rho \simeq 0.2$, the one for higher temperatures is rather complex; it exhibits two crossover-type phase transitions, corresponding to strong and EW matter. At even larger energy densities, the deduced EoS becomes linear again and close to ideal gas. The combined equation of state can be used for modeling the expansion of the Universe from very early times and through the EW and QCD era.

arXiv comment17 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRD

References in corpus (19)

• Is There a Hot Electroweak Phase Transition at $m_H\gsim m_W$?
• The pressure of hot QCD up to g^6 ln(1/g)
• Identifying a first-order phase transition in neutron star mergers through gravitational waves
• High-precision scale setting in lattice QCD
• Quark mass thresholds in QCD thermodynamics
• New Hyperon Equations of State for Supernovae and Neutron Stars in Density-dependent Hadron Field Theory
• Fluctuations and correlations in high temperature QCD
• The Standard Model cross-over on the lattice
• Lattice QCD input for axion cosmology
• The endpoint of the first-order phase transition of the SU(2) gauge-Higgs model on a 4-dimensional isotropic lattice
• Standard Model thermodynamics across the electroweak crossover
• NNLO hard-thermal-loop thermodynamics for QCD
• On the Behavior of the Effective QCD Coupling alpha_tau(s) at Low Scales
• The logarithmic contribution to the QCD static energy at NNNNLO
• Quark-Hadron Phase Transitions in Viscous Early Universe
• Pressure of the Standard Model at High Temperatures
• Viscous Quark-Gluon Plasma in the Early Universe
• Computational Cosmology: from the Early Universe to the Large Scale Structure
• Hadronic Equation of State and Speed of Sound in Thermal and Dense Medium

Cited by in corpus (6)

• SU(3) Polyakov Linear-Sigma Model With Finite Isospin Asymmetry: QCD Phase Diagram
• A Possible Solution of the Cosmological Constant Problem based on Minimal Length Uncertainty and GW170817 and PLANCK Observations
• Bulk viscosity in strong and electroweak matter
• Thermodynamics and energy condition analysis for Van-Der-Waals EOS without viscous cosmology
• Particle Ratios within EPOS, UrQMD and Thermal Models at AGS, SPS and RHIC Energies
• Cosmology from Strong Interactions