Properties of the diffuse emission around warm loops in solar active regions

Abstract

Coronal loops in active regions are the subjects of intensive investigation, but the important diffuse 'unresolved' emission in which they are embedded has received relatively little attention. Here we measure the densities and emission measure (EM) distributions of a sample of background-foreground regions surrounding warm (2 MK) coronal loops, and introduce two new aspects to the analysis. First, we infer the EM distributions only from temperatures that contribute to the same background emission. Second, we measure the background emission co-spatially with the loops so that the results are truly representative of the immediate loop environment. The second aspect also allows us to take advantage of the presence of embedded loops to infer information about the (unresolvable) magnetic field in the background. We find that about half the regions in our sample have narrow but not quite isothermal EM distributions with a peak temperature of 1.4--2 MK. The other half have broad EM distributions (Gaussian width $>$3$\times$10${}^5$ K), and the width of the EM appears to be correlated with peak temperature. Densities in the diffuse background are $\log$ (n/cm${}^{-3}$) = 8.5-9.0. Significantly, these densities and temperatures imply that the co-spatial background is broadly comptabile with static equilibrium theory (RTV scaling laws) provided the unresolved field length is comparable to the embedded loop length. For this agreement to break down, the field length in most cases would have to be substantially longer than the loop length, a factor of 2--3 on average, which for our sample approaches the dimensions of only the largest active regions.

To be published in The Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (4)

• Observations of Active Region Loops with the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode
• Hinode/Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer Observations of the Temperature Structure of the Quiet Corona
• Flows and Motions in Moss in the Core of a Flaring Active Region: Evidence for Steady Heating
• Emission Measure Distribution for Diffuse Regions in Solar Active Regions

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Measurements of Coronal Magnetic Field Strengths in Solar Active Region Loops
• Using multi-line spectropolarimetric observations of forbidden emission lines to measure single-point coronal magnetic fields
• The First Flight of the Marshall Grazing Incidence X-ray Spectrometer (MaGIXS)
• Electron Densities in the Solar Corona Measured Simultaneously in the Extreme-Ultraviolet and Infra-Red
• Transient Formation of Loops in the Core of an Active Region
• Temporal evolution of oscillating coronal loops
• Dominance of Bursty over Steady Heating of the 4--8 MK Coronal Plasma in a Solar Active Region: Quantification using Maps of Minimum, Maximum, and Average Brightness
• On the Effect of Coronal Rain on Decayless Kink Oscillations of Coronal Loops