Null Geodesics and Repulsive Behavior of Gravity in (2+1)-dimensional Massive Gravity

Abstract

We study the null geodesics in a static circularly symmetric (SCS) black hole spacetime which is a solution in the $(2+1)$-dimensional massive gravity proposed by Bergshoeff, Hohm and Townsend (BHT massive gravity). We obtain analytic solutions for the null geodesic equation in the SCS black hole background and find the explicit form of deflection angles. We see that for various values of the impact parameter, the deflection angle can be positive, negative or even zero in this black hole spacetime. The negative deflection angle indicates the repulsive behavior of the gravity which comes from the gravitational hair parameter that is the most characteristic quantity of the BHT massive gravity.

arXiv comment10 pages, 6 figures, matches published version in PTEP

References in corpus (26)

• The Black Hole in Three Dimensional Space Time
• Geometry of the 2+1 Black Hole
• Schwarzschild black hole lensing
• Massive Gravity in Three Dimensions
• Gravitational lensing in the strong field limit
• Strong field limit of black hole gravitational lensing
• More on Massive 3D Gravity
• Gravitational bending angle of light for finite distance and the Gauss-Bonnet theorem
• Natural Wormholes as Gravitational Lenses
• Lifshitz Black Hole in Three Dimensions
• Three-dimensional black holes, gravitational solitons, kinks and wormholes for BHT massive gravity
• Geodesic equation in Schwarzschild--(anti-)de Sitter space--times: Analytical solutions and applications
• Ghost-free, finite, fourth order D=3 (alas) gravity
• Warped AdS_3 black holes in new massive gravity
• A class of black holes in dRGT massive gravity and their thermodynamical properties
• Classical tests for Weyl gravity: deflection of light and time delay
• Gravitational lensing by scalar-tensor wormholes and the energy conditions
• Wormholes, the weak energy condition, and scalar-tensor gravity
• Geodesic Structure of the 2 + 1 Black Hole
• Gravitational lensing shear by an exotic lens object with negative convergence or negative mass
• Black holes with a null Killing vector in three-dimensional massive gravity
• Demagnifying gravitational lenses toward hunting a clue of exotic matter and energy
• BTZ black holes in massive gravity
• Asymptotically locally flat spacetimes and dynamical black flowers in three dimensions
• Geodesic Structure of Lifshitz Black Holes in 2+1 Dimensions
• Asymptotically flat black holes in 2+1 dimensions

Cited by in corpus (10)

• Dehnen halo effect on a black hole in an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy
• Dark matter effect on the weak deflection angle by black holes at the center of Milky Way and M87 galaxies
• Particle motions and Gravitational Lensing in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley Massive Gravity Theory
• Wormhole formation in massive gravity: An analytic description
• Deflection angle, quasinormal modes and optical properties of a de Sitter black hole in $f(\mathcal{T},\mathcal{B})$ gravity
• Simulation of geodesic trajectory of charged BTZ black holes in massive gravity
• Motion and trajectories of photons in a three-dimensional rotating Hořava AdS black hole
• Particle motion around traversable wormholes: Possibility of closed timelike geodesics
• Strong Lensing Effect and Quasinormal Modes of Oscillations of Black Holes in $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{R},\mathbf{T})$ Gravity Theory
• Investigating the effects of gravitational lensing by Hu-Sawicki $\mathbf{f}(\mathbf{R})$ gravity black holes