Justification of Peregrine soliton from full water waves

Abstract

The Peregrine soliton $Q(x,t)=e^{it}(1-\frac{4(1+2it)}{1+4x^2+4t^2})$ is an exact solution of the 1d focusing nonlinear schrödinger equation (NLS) $i{B}_t+B_{xx}=-2|B{|}^{2}B$, having the feature that it decays to $e^{it}$ at the spatial and time infinities, and with a peak and troughs in a local region. It is considered as a prototype of the rogue waves by the ocean waves community. The 1D NLS is related to the full water wave system in the sense that asymptotically it is the envelope equation for the full water waves. In this paper, working in the framework of water waves which decay non-tangentially, we give a rigorous justification of the NLS from the full water waves equation in a regime that allows for the Peregrine soliton. As a byproduct, we prove long time existence of solutions for the full water waves equation with small initial data in space of the form $H^s(\mathbb{R})+H^{s^{\prime }}(\mathbb{T})$, where $s\ge 4,s^{\prime }>s+\frac{3}{2}$.

arXiv commentWe fix several typos and add some remarks

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• Nonlinear modulational instabililty of the Stokes waves in 2d full water waves