Electron states for gapped pseudospin-1 fermions in the field of charged impurity

Abstract

The electron states of gapped pseudospin-1 fermions of the $\alpha -{\mathcal{T}}_3$ lattice in the Coulomb field of a charged impurity are studied. The free $\alpha -{\mathcal{T}}_3$ model has three dispersive bands with two energy gaps between them depending on the parameter $\Theta$ which controls the coupling of atoms of honeycomb lattice with atoms in the center of each hexagon, thus, interpolating between graphene $\Theta =0$ and the dice model $\Theta =\pi /4$. The middle band becomes flat one with zero energy in the dice model. The bound electron states are found in the two cases: the centrally symmetric potential well and a regularized Coulomb potential of the charged impurity. As the charge of impurity increases, bound state energy levels descend from the upper and central continua and dive at certain critical charges into the central and lower continuum, respectively. In the dice model, it is found that the flat band survives in the presence of a potential well, however, is absent in the case of the Coulomb potential. The analytical results are presented for the energy levels near continuum boundaries in the potential well. For the genuine Coulomb potential, we present the recursion relations that determine the coefficients of the series expansion of wave functions of bound states. It is shown that the condition for the termination of the series expansion gives two equations relating energy and charge values. Hence, analytical solutions can exist for a countably infinite set of values of impurity charge at fixed $\Theta$.

18 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (8)

• The Coulomb impurity problem in graphene
• Vacuum Polarization and Screening of Supercritical Impurities in Graphene
• Dimensional crossover in topological matter: Evolution of the multiple Dirac point in the layered system to the flat band on the surface
• Magneto-optics of massless Kane fermions: Role of the flat band and unusual Berry phase
• Supercritical Coulomb center and excitonic instability in graphene
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• Coulomb center instability in bilayer graphene

Cited by in corpus (7)

• Floquet topological phase transition in $\alpha$-${\mathcal{T}}_3$ lattice
• Optical conductivity of semi-Dirac and pseudospin-1 models: Zitterbewegung approach
• Many-Body Effects and Optical Properties of Single- and Double Layer $\alpha$-${\mathcal{T}}_3$ Lattices
• Electronic states of pseudospin-1 fermions in $\alpha -{\mathcal{T}}_3$ lattice ribbons in a magnetic field
• Infinite bound states and hydrogen atom-like energy spectrum induced by a flat band
• Infinite bound states and $1/n$ energy spectrum induced by a Coulomb-like potential of type III in a flat band system
• Landau levels and snake states of pseudo-spin-1 Dirac-like electrons in gapped Lieb lattices