Ion-crystal demonstration of structural phase transition induced solely by temperature

Abstract

We demonstrate for the first time a linear-zigzag phase transition induced solely by temperature of the ${}^{40}$Ca${}^{+}$ ion crystals in a surface-electrode trap. In contrast to the previously observed counterparts based on change of the mechanical equilibrium conditions of the ions, our presented structural phase transition occurs due to controllable influence of thermal fluctuation. The ions' temperature is well controlled by tuning the cooling laser and the experimental observation could be fully understood by classical Langevin equation in addition to the effects from thermal fluctuation. Our experimental investigation indicates the fantastic role of thermal fluctuation played in the thermodynamic process at atomic level, which might bridge the thermodynamics from the macroscopic domain to the quantum regime.

arXiv comment3 figures

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Cited by in corpus (4)

• Finite temperature spectrum at the symmetry-breaking linear-zigzag transition
• Quantum nanofriction in trapped ion chains with a topological defect
• Heat transport in a Coulomb ion crystal with a topological defect
• Thermal masses and trapped-ion quantum spin models: a self-consistent approach to Yukawa-type interactions in the $\lambda {\varphi }^4$ model