Variational principles for spectral radius of weighted endomorphisms of $C(X,D)$

Abstract

We give formulas for the spectral radius of weighted endomorphisms $a\alpha :C(X,D)\to C(X,D)$, $a\in C(X,D)$, where $X$ is a compact Hausdorff space and $D$ is a unital Banach algebra. Under the assumption that $\alpha$ generates a partial dynamical system $(X,\phi )$, we establish two kinds of variational principles for $r(a\alpha )$: using linear extensions of $(X,\phi )$ and using Lyapunov exponents associated with ergodic measures for $(X,\phi )$. This requires considering (twisted) cocycles over $(X,\phi )$ with values in an arbitrary Banach algebra $D$, and thus our analysis can not be reduced to any of mutliplicative ergodic theorems known so far. The established variational principles apply not only to weighted endomorphisms but also to a vast class of operators acting on Banach spaces that we call abstract weighted shifts associated with $\alpha :C(X,D)\to C(X,D)$. In particular, they are far reaching generalizations of formulas obtained by Kitover, Lebedev, Latushkin, Stepin and others. They are most efficient when $D=\mathcal{B}(F)$, for a Banach space $F$, and endomorphisms of $\mathcal{B}(F)$ induced by $\alpha$ are inner isometric. As a by product we obtain a dynamical variational principle for an arbitrary operator $b\in \mathcal{B}(F)$ and that it's spectral radius is always a Lyapunov exponent in some direction $v\in F$, when $F$ is reflexive.

37 pages. This is a version accepted in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. (added some more examples and section 6 "Concluding remarks and potential applications")