Quantized frequency-domain polarization of driven phases of matter
arXiv:1811.10632
Abstract
Periodically driven quantum systems can realize novel phases of matter that do not exist in static settings. We study signatures of these drive-induced phases on the -dimensional Floquet lattice, comprised of spatial dimensions plus the frequency domain. The average position of Floquet eigenstates along the frequency axis can be written in terms of a non-adiabatic Berry phase, which we interpret as frequency-domain polarization. We argue that whenever this polarization is quantized to a nontrivial value, the phase of matter cannot be continuously connected to a time-independent state and, as a consequence, it captures robust properties of its dynamics. We illustrate this in driven topological phases, such as superconducting wires and the anomalous Floquet Anderson insulator; as well as in driven symmetry-broken phases, such as time crystals. We further introduce a new dynamical phase of matter that we construct by imposing quantization conditions on its frequency-domain polarization. This illustrates the potential for using this kind of polarization as a tool to search for new driven phases of matter.
arXiv comment6 pages, 3 figures. References updated and clarifications made
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