DE CVn: an eclipsing post-common envelope binary with a circumbinary disk and a giant planet

Abstract

We present a timing analysis of the eclipsing post-common envelope binary (PCEB) DE CVn. Based on new CCD photometric observations and the published data, we found that the orbital period in DE CVn has a cyclic period oscillation with an amplitude of $28.08$ s and a period of $11.22$ years plus a rapid period decrease at a rate of $\dot{P}=-3.35\times 10^{-11}s{s}^{-1}$. According to the evolutionary theory, secular period decreases in PCEBs arise from angular momentum losses (AMLs) driven by gravitational radiation (GR) and magnetic braking (MB). However, the observed orbital decay is too fast to be produced by AMLs via GR and MB, indicating that there could be other AML mechanism. We suggest that a circumbinary disk around DE CVn may be responsible for the additional AML. The disk mass was derived as a few$\times$$10^{-4}$-$10^{-3}$$M_{\odot }$ , which is in agreement with that inferred from previous studies in the order of magnitude. The cyclic change is most likely result of the gravitational perturbation by a circumbinary object due to the Applegate's mechanism fails to explain such a large period oscillation. The mass of the potential third body is calculated as $M_3\sin i^{\prime }=0.011(\pm 0.003)M_{\odot }$. Supposing the circumbinary companion and the eclipsing binary is coplanar, its mass would correspond to a giant planet. This hypothetical giant planet is moving in a circular orbit of radius $\sim 5.75(\pm 2.02)$ AU around its host star.

arXiv comment19 pages, 5 figures

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