Anatomy of electrical signals and dc-voltage lineshape in spin torque ferromagnetic resonance

Abstract

The electrical detection of spin torque ferromagnetic resonance (st-FMR) is becoming a popular method for measuring the spin-Hall angle of heavy metals (HM). However, various sensible analysis on the same material with either the same or different experimental setups yielded different spin-Hall angles with large discrepancy, indicating some missing ingredients in our current understanding of st-FMR. Here we carry out a careful analysis of electrical signals of the st-FMR in a HM/ferromagnet (HM/FM) bilayer with an arbitrary magnetic anisotropy. The FM magnetization is driven by two radio-frequency (rf) forces: the rf Oersted field generated by an applied rf electric current and the so called rf spin-orbit torque from the spin current flowing perpendicularly from the HM to the FM due to the spin-Hall effect. By using the universal form of the dynamic susceptibility matrix of magnetic materials at the st-FMR, the electrical signals originated from the anisotropic magnetoresistance, anomalous Hall effect and inverse spin-Hall effect are analysed and dc-voltage lineshape near the st-FMR are obtained. Angle-dependence of dc-voltage is given for two setups. A way of experimentally extracting the spin-Hall angle of a HM is proposed.

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Efficient generation of spin currents by the Orbital Hall effect in pure Cu and Al and their measurement by a Ferris-wheel ferromagnetic resonance technique at the wafer level
• A theory for anisotropic magnetoresistance in materials with two vector order parameters
• Inplane spin orbit torque magnetization switching and its detection using the spin rectification effect at sub-GHz frequencies
• Determination of the spin Hall angle by the inverse spin Hall effect, device level ferromagnetic resonance, and spin torque ferromagnetic resonance: a comparison of methods
• Cluster magnetic octupole induced out-of-plane spin polarization in antiperovskite antiferromagnet
• Anomalous spin Hall and inverse spin Hall effects in magnetic systems
• Investigating spin and orbital effects via spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance