Large magnetic thermal conductivity induced by frustration in low-dimensional quantum magnets

Abstract

We study the magnetic field-dependence of the thermal conductivity due to magnetic excitations in frustrated spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains. Near the saturation field, the system is described by a dilute gas of weakly-interacting fermions (free-fermion fixed point). We show that in this regime the thermal conductivity exhibits a non-monotonic behavior as a function of the ratio $\alpha =J_2/J_1$ between second and first nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. This result is a direct consequence of the splitting of the single-particle dispersion minimum into two minima that takes place at the Lifshitz point $\alpha =1/4$. Upon increasing $\alpha$ from zero, the inverse mass vanishes at $\alpha =1/4$ and it increases monotonically from zero for $\alpha \ge 1/4$. By deriving an effective low-energy theory of the dilute gas of fermions, we demonstrate that the Drude weight $K_{\mathrm{th}}$ of the thermal conductivity exhibits a similar dependence on $\alpha$ near the saturation field. Moreover, this theory predicts a transition between a two-component Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid and a vector-chiral phase at a critical value $\alpha ={\alpha }_c$ that agrees very well with previous density matrix renormalization group results. We also show that the resulting curve $K_{\mathrm{th}}(\alpha )$ is in excellent agreement with exact diagonalization (ED) results. Our ED results also show that $K_{\mathrm{th}}(\alpha )$ has a pronounced minimum at $\alpha \simeq 0.7$ and it decreases for sufficiently large $\alpha$ at lower magnetic field values. We also demonstrate that the thermal conductivity is significantly affected by the presence of magnetothermal coupling.

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