Entanglement Entropy and Full Counting Statistics for $2d$-Rotating Trapped Fermions

Abstract

We consider $N$ non-interacting fermions in a $2d$ harmonic potential of trapping frequency $\omega$ and in a rotating frame at angular frequency $\Omega$, with $0<\omega -\Omega \ll \omega$. At zero temperature, the fermions are in the non-degenerate lowest Landau level and their positions are in one to one correspondence with the eigenvalues of an $N\times N$ complex Ginibre matrix. For large $N$, the fermion density is uniform over the disk of radius $\sqrt{N}$ centered at the origin and vanishes outside this disk. We compute exactly, for any finite $N$, the Rényi entanglement entropy of order $q$, $S_q(N,r)$, as well as the cumulants of order $p$, $⟨N_r^p{⟩}_c$, of the number of fermions $N_r$ in a disk of radius $r$ centered at the origin. For $N\gg 1$, in the (extended) bulk, i.e., for $0<r/\sqrt{N}<1$, we show that $S_q(N,r)$ is proportional to the number variance $\mathrm{Var}(N_r)$, despite the non-Gaussian fluctuations of $N_r$. This relation breaks down at the edge of the fermion density, for $r\approx \sqrt{N}$, where we show analytically that $S_q(N,r)$ and $\mathrm{Var}(N_r)$ have a different $r$-dependence.

6 pages + 7 pages (Supplementary material), 2 Figures