Band Gap Closing in a Synthetic Hall Tube of Neutral Fermions

Abstract

We report the experimental realization of a synthetic three-leg Hall tube with ultracold fermionic atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice. The legs of the synthetic tube are composed of three hyperfine spin states of the atoms, and the cyclic inter-leg links are generated by two-photon Raman transitions between the spin states, resulting in a uniform gauge flux $\varphi$ penetrating each side plaquette of the tube. Using quench dynamics, we investigate the band structure of the Hall tube system for a commensurate flux $\varphi =2\pi /3$. Momentum-resolved analysis of the quench dynamics reveals that a critical point of band gap closing as one of the inter-leg coupling strengths is varied, which is consistent with a topological phase transition predicted for the Hall tube system.

arXiv comment8 pages, 8 figures

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• A comprehensive review on developments of synthetic dimensions
• Laughlin's topological charge pump in an atomic Hall cylinder
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