Two-hole ground state wavefunction: Non-BCS pairing in a $t$-$J$ two-leg ladder system

Abstract

Superconductivity is usually described in the framework of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) wavefunction, which even includes the resonating-valence-bond (RVB) wavefunction proposed for the high-temperature superconductivity in the cuprate. A natural question is \emph{if} any fundamental physics could be possibly missed by applying such a scheme to strongly correlated systems. Here we study the pairing wavefunction of two holes injected into a Mott insulator/antiferromagnet in a two-leg ladder using variational Monte Carlo (VMC) approach. By comparing with density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculation, we show that a conventional BCS or RVB pairing of the doped holes makes qualitatively wrong predictions and is incompatible with the fundamental pairing force in the $t$-$J$ model, which is kinetic-energy-driven by nature. By contrast, a non-BCS-like wavefunction incorporating such novel effect will result in a substantially enhanced pairing strength and improved ground state energy as compared to the DMRG results. We argue that the non-BCS form of such a new ground state wavefunction is essential to describe a doped Mott antiferromagnet at finite doping.

arXiv comment11 pages, 5 figures

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• Ground-state phase diagram of the extended two-leg $t$-$J$ ladder
• Single-hole wave function in two dimensions: A case study of the doped Mott insulator
• Proposal for asymmetric photoemission and tunneling spectroscopies in quantum simulators of the triangular-lattice Fermi-Hubbard model
• Sign structure of the $t$-$t^{\prime }$-$J$ model and its physical consequences
• Superconductivity in doped triangular Mott insulators: the roles of parent spin backgrounds and charge kinetic energy
• Phase Diagram of the Square-Lattice $t$-$J$-$V$ Model for Electron-Doped Cuprates
• Phenomenological Single-Particle Green's Function for the Pseudogap and Superconducting Phases of High-T${}_c$ Cuprates
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