Self-equilibration theorem in quantum-point contacts of interacting electrons: time-dependent quantum fluctuations of tunnel transport beyond the Levitov-Lesovik scattering approach
arXiv:1808.03569 · doi:10.1016/j.aop.2020.168298
Abstract
Equilibration to the steady state for a wide class of Luttinger liquid ballistic weakly linked tunnel contacts is extensively studied. Quantum fluctuations of tunnel current are considered in all orders in tunnel coupling and out of the equilibrium in the time domain. Especially, two important mathematical statements: Self-equilibration (SE-)theorem and Self-equilibration (SE-)lemma on the exact re-exponentiation of thermal average from the Keldysh-contour-ordered evolution operator for arbitrary weakly linked Luttinger liquid tunnel contact are proven. Demonstrated proof of SE-theorem and SE-lemma represents first evidence of a novel emergent phenomenon of "self-equilibration" in the dynamics of quantum fluctuations of electron transport through ballistic tunnel junctions. This phenomenon and all related real-time full counting statistics are shown to be much more general as compared to the usual Levitov-Lesovik scattering approach for the non-interacting electrons, though SE-theorem also contains known results obtained within the Levitov-Lesovik scattering approach as corresponding limiting case for lowest order cumulants at . As the result, corresponding differential equation of "self-equilibration" for time-dependent Keldysh partition function of tunnel contact is derived and explained. As the consequence of obtained results, a universal character of self-equilibration of tunnel current in one-dimensional weakly linked tunnel junctions is revealed and studied on the level of non-equilibrium Fano factor. As well, a new measure of disequilibrium in such systems - the "steady flow" rate - is also introduced and discussed.
31 pages, 4 figures. All the material is considerably complemented as compared to its previous versions
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