Limit cycles appearing from perturbations of cubic piecewise smooth center with double invariant real straight lines

Abstract

This paper investigates the exact number of limit cycles given by the averaging theory of first order for the piecewise smooth integrable non-Hamiltonian system \begin{eqnarray*} (\dot{x},\ \dot{y})=\begin{cases} (-y(x+a)^2+\varepsilon f^+(x,y),\ x(x+a)^2+\varepsilon g^+(x,y)),\ \ x\geq0,\\ (-y(x+b)^2+\varepsilon f^-(x,y),\ x(x+b)^2+\varepsilon g^-(x,y)),\ ~ \, x<0,\\ \end{cases}\end{eqnarray*} where $ab\ne 0$, $0<|\epsilon |\ll 1$, and $f^{\pm }(x,y)$ and $g^{\pm }(x,y)$ are polynomials of degree $n$. It is proved that the exact number of limit cycles emerging from the period annulus surrounding the origin is linear depending on $n$ and it is at least twice the associated estimation of smooth systems.

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