Proper effective temperature of nonequilibrium steady state

Abstract

We define a proper effective temperature for relativistic nonequilibrium steady states (NESSs). A conventional effective temperature of NESSs is defined from the ratio of the fluctuation to the dissipation. However, NESSs have relative velocities to the heat bath in general, and hence the conventional effective temperature can be frame dependent in relativistic systems. The proper effective temperature is introduced as a frame-independent (Lorentz invariant) quantity that characterizes NESSs. We find that the proper effective temperature of NESSs is higher than the proper temperature of the heat bath in a wide range of holographic models even when the conventional effective temperature is lower than the temperature of the heat bath.

arXiv comment22 pages, no figures

References in corpus (22)

• Gauge Theory Correlators from Non-Critical String Theory
• The Large N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and Supergravity
• Supergravity and The Large N Limit of Theories With Sixteen Supercharges
• Particle production and complex path analysis
• Statistical mechanics in the context of special relativity
• Statistical mechanics in the context of special relativity II
• Metallic AdS/CFT
• The effective temperature
• Relativistic Brownian Motion
• Momentum fluctuations of heavy quarks in the gauge-string duality
• Shearing a Glassy Material: Numerical Tests of Nonequilibrium Mode-Coupling Approaches and Experimental Proposals
• A holographic view on physics out of equilibrium
• Thermal equilibrium and statistical thermometers in special relativity
• Brownian motion in AdS/CFT
• Hawking Radiation and Non-equilibrium Quantum Critical Current Noise
• Langevin diffusion of heavy quarks in non-conformal holographic backgrounds
• Effective temperature in nonequilibrium steady states of Langevin systems with a tilted periodic potential
• The open string membrane paradigm with external electromagnetic fields
• Out of Equilibrium Temperature from Holography
• Holographic Flavor Transport in Arbitrary Constant Background Fields
• Effective Temperature of Non-equilibrium Dense Matter in Holography
• Phenomenological Construction of New Dictionaries for Holographic Conductors

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Quantum friction in the presence of a perfectly conducting plate
• Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states
• A Consistent Holographic Analysis of Anomaly-induced Charge Transport in the D3/D7 Model
• Probing non-equilibrium steady states of the Klein-Gordon field with Unruh-DeWitt detectors