Non-linear Relaxation of Interacting Bosons Coherently Driven on a Narrow Optical Transition
arXiv:1806.07210 · doi:10.1209/0295-5075/123/40004
Abstract
We study the dynamics of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of Yb atoms coherently driven on a narrow optical transition. The excitation transfers the BEC to a superposition of states with different internal and momentum quantum numbers. We observe a crossover with decreasing driving strength between a regime of damped oscillations, where coherent driving prevails, and an incoherent regime, where relaxation takes over. Several relaxation mechanisms are involved: inelastic losses involving two excited atoms, leading to a non-exponential decay of populations; Doppler broadening due to the finite momentum width of the BEC and inhomogeneous elastic interactions, both leading to dephasing and to damping of the oscillations. We compare our observations to a two-component Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) model that fully includes these effects. For small or moderate densities, the damping of the oscillations is mostly due to Doppler broadening. In this regime, we find excellent agreement between the model and the experimental results. For higher densities, the role of interactions increases and so does the damping rate of the oscillations. The damping in the GP model is less pronounced than in the experiment, possibly a hint for many-body effects not captured by the mean-field description.
arXiv comment7 pages, 4 figures; supplementary material available as ancillary file
References in corpus (35)
- Light-induced gauge fields for ultracold atoms
- Bose-Einstein condensation of atoms in a uniform potential
- Bose-Einstein Condensation of Atomic Hydrogen
- Two-orbital SU(N) magnetism with ultracold alkaline-earth atoms
- Phase space representation of quantum dynamics
- Dynamics and statistical mechanics of ultra-cold Bose gases using c-field techniques
- A Fermi-degenerate three-dimensional optical lattice clock
- Observation of two-orbital spin-exchange interactions with ultracold SU(N)-symmetric fermions
- Gauge fields for ultracold atoms in optical superlattices
- Synthetic dimensions and spin-orbit coupling with an optical clock transition
- Spin-orbit coupled fermions in an optical lattice clock
- Direct excitation of the forbidden clock transition in neutral 174Yb atoms confined to an optical lattice
- Magnetic field-induced spectroscopy of forbidden optical transitions with application to lattice-based optical atomic clocks
- Two-color photoassociation spectroscopy of ytterbium atoms and the precise determinations of s-wave scattering lengths
- A quantum many-body spin system in an optical lattice clock
- Imaging optical frequencies with 100 Hz precision and 1.1 m resolution
- Direct observation of coherent inter-orbital spin-exchange dynamics
- Observation of an orbital interaction-induced Feshbach resonance in 173-Yb
- Cold Collision Frequency Shift of the 1S-2S Transition in Hydrogen
- Alkaline-Earth-Metal Atoms as Few-Qubit Quantum Registers
- A strongly interacting gas of two-electron fermions at an orbital Feshbach resonance
- Atom interferometry with the Sr optical clock transition
- Localized magnetic moments with tunable spin exchange in a gas of ultracold fermions
- Orbital Feshbach Resonance in Alkali-Earth Atoms
- Probing Interactions between Ultracold Fermions
- Quantum Computing and Quantum Simulation with Group-II Atoms
- State-dependent interactions in ultracold Yb probed by optical clock spectroscopy
- Cold Collision Frequency Shift of an Optical Spectrum of a Trapped Gas
- Clock spectroscopy of interacting bosons in deep optical lattices
- Entanglement of group-II-like atoms with fast measurement for quantum information processing
- 1S-2S Spectrum of a Hydrogen Bose-Einstein Condensate
- Doppler Spectroscopy of an Ytterbium Bose-Einstein Condensate on the Clock Transition
- Comparison of spectral linewidths for quantum degenerate bosons and fermions
- Inelastic Collision Rates of Trapped Metastable Hydrogen
- Analysis of g_2 for the cold-collision frequency shift in the hydrogen condensate experiments