Impact of planetesimal eccentricities and material strength on the appearance of eccentric debris disks

Abstract

Context: Since circumstellar dust in debris disks is short-lived, dust-replenishing requires the presence of a reservoir of planetesimals. These planetesimals in the parent belt of debris disks orbit their host star and continuously supply the disk with fine dust through their mutual collisions. Aims: We aim to understand effects of different collisional parameters on the observational appearance of eccentric debris disks. Methods: The collisional evolution of selected debris disk configurations was simulated with the numerical code ACE. Subsequently, selected observable quantities are simulated with our newly developed code DMS. The impact of the eccentricity, dynamical excitation, and the material strength is discussed with respect to the grain size distribution, the spectral energy distribution, and spatially resolved images of debris disk systems. Results: The most recognizable features in different collisional evolutions are as follows. First, both the increase of dynamical excitation in the eccentric belt of the debris disk system and the decrease of the material strength of dust particles result in a higher production rate of smaller particles. This reduces the surface brightness differences between the periastron and the apastron sides of the disks. For very low material strengths, the "pericenter glow" phenomenon is reduced and eventually even replaced by the opposite effect, the "apocenter glow". Second, it is possible to constrain the level of collisional activity from the appearance of the disk, for example, the wavelength-dependent apocenter-to-pericenter flux ratio. Within the considered parameter space, the impact of the material strength on the appearance of the disk is stronger than that of dynamical excitation of the system. Finally, we find that the impact of the collisional parameters on the net spectral energy distribution is weak.

arXiv commentAccepted for publication in A&A, 15 pages, 17 figures

References in corpus (58)

• The NextGen Model Atmosphere grid for $3000\le \Teff \le 10000\K$
• Catastrophic disruptions revisited
• Scattering by Interstellar Dust Grains: Optical and Ultraviolet
• A planetary system as the origin of structure in Fomalhaut's dust belt
• How Observations of Circumstellar Disk Asymmetries Can Reveal Hidden Planets: Pericenter Glow and its Application to the HR 4796 Disk
• Transience of hot dust around sun-like stars
• A dust ring around Epsilon Eridani: analogue to the young Solar System
• Age dependence of the Vega Phenomenon: Theory
• Dust Dynamics, Surface Brightness Profiles, and Thermal Spectra of Debris Disks: The Case of AU Mic
• The Insignificance of P-R Drag in Detectable Extrasolar Planetesimal Belts
• Long-Term Collisional Evolution of Debris Disks
• Debris Disks: Seeing Dust, Thinking of Planetesimals and Planets
• On the Age and Binarity of Fomalhaut
• Debris disc stirring by secular perturbations from giant planets
• Collisional processes and size distribution in spatially extended debris discs
• Mie Scattering by Ensembles of Particles with Very Large Size Parameters
• Debris disk size distributions: steady state collisional evolution with P-R drag and other loss processes
• Prospects for Detection of Catastrophic Collisions in Debris Disks
• Herschel imaging of 61 Vir: implications for the prevalence of debris in low-mass planetary systems
• Detecting the Dusty Debris of Terrestrial Planet Formation
• STIS Imaging of the HR 4796A Circumstellar Debris Ring
• An icy Kuiper-Belt around the young solar-type star HD 181327
• Discovery of an 86 AU Radius Debris Ring Around HD 181327
• Herschel images of Fomalhaut. An extrasolar Kuiper Belt at the height of its dynamical activity
• Dust Production from collisions in extrasolar planetary systems The inner Beta-Pictoris disc
• Outer edges of debris discs: how sharp is sharp?
• Discovery of extreme asymmetry in the debris disk surrounding HD 15115
• Azimuthal asymmetries in the debris disk around HD61005
• A Complete ALMA Map of the Fomalhaut Debris Disk
• A New Algorithm for Self-Consistent 3-D Modeling of Collisions in Dusty Debris Disks
• A narrow, edge-on disk resolved around HD 106906 with SPHERE
• A Primer on Unifying Debris Disk Morphologies
• Collisional Grooming Models of the Kuiper Belt Dust Cloud
• Collisional and Thermal Emission Models of Debris Disks: Towards Planetesimal Population Properties
• The Detectability of Exo-Earths and Super-Earths Via Resonant Signatures in Exozodiacal Clouds
• Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the HD 202628 Debris Disk
• Gap Clearing by Planets in a Collisional Debris Disk
• The Debris Disk of Vega: A Steady-State Collisional Cascade, Naturally
• SMACK: A New Algorithm for Modeling Collisions and Dynamics of Planetesimals in Debris Disks
• LIDT-DD: A new self-consistent debris disc model including radiation pressure and coupling collisional and dynamical evolution
• Apocenter glow in eccentric debris disks: implications for Fomalhaut and epsilon Eridani
• Multi-wavelength modeling of the spatially resolved debris disk of HD 107146
• An insight in the surroundings of HR4796
• The role of pebble fragmentation in planetesimal formation I. Experimental study
• Porous dust grains in debris disks
• A SMACK Model of Colliding Planetesimals in the $\beta$ Pictoris Debris Disk
• Image of Fomalhaut Dust Ring at 350 Microns: Relative Column Density Map Shows Pericenter-Apocenter Asymmetry
• Observing planet-disk interaction in debris disks
• Can eccentric debris disks be long-lived? A first numerical investigation and application to ${\zeta }^2$ Reticuli
• Bringing "The Moth" to Light: A Planet-Sculpting Scenario for the HD 61005 Debris Disk
• On the nature of clumps in debris disks
• A new code to study structures in collisionally active, perturbed debris discs. Application to binaries
• Grain Size segregation in debris discs
• Collisions and drag in debris discs with eccentric parent belts
• Detecting a rotation in the epsilon Eridani debris disc
• Piercing the Glare: Direct Imaging Search for Planets in the Sirius System
• The influence of dust grain porosity on the analysis of debris disc observations
• Collisional Velocities and Rates in Resonant Planetesimal Belts

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Solar System Physics for Exoplanet Research
• Deep ALMA Search for CO Gas in the HD 95086 Debris Disc
• Constraining the detectability of water ice in debris disks
• Flybys in debris disk systems with Gaia eDR3
• Twisted debris: how differential secular perturbations shape debris disks
• Stellar winds can affect gas dynamics in debris disks and create observable belt winds
• How much large dust could be present in hot exozodiacal dust systems?
• Debris disks around stars in the NIKA2 era
• Hot exozodiacal dust around Fomalhaut: The MATISSE perspective
• Impact of hot exozodiacal dust on the polarimetric analysis of close-in exoplanets
• The impact of the presence of water ice on the analysis of debris disk observations
• Resonant structures in exozodiacal clouds created by exo-Earths in the habitable zone of late-type stars