Holography of Low-Centrality Heavy Ion Collisions

Abstract

Large vorticities in the Quark-Gluon Plasma produced in peripheral collisions studied by the STAR collaboration at the RHIC facility have been deduced from observations of polarizations of $\Lambda$ and $\overline{\Lambda }$ hyperons. Recently, the STAR collaboration has reported on the dependence of these polarizations on centrality, at impact energy 200 GeV and relatively large centralities $\mathcal{C}\ge 20\%$. The polarizations increase slowly with centrality, up to perhaps $\mathcal{C}=60-70\%$. Here we use a holographic model of the vortical QGP to make predictions regarding these polarizations for smaller centralities, ranging from $5-20\%$. The model predicts that as one moves downwards from $20\%$, $\Lambda /\overline{\Lambda }$ polarizations at first decrease but then \emph{increase} sharply, in a characteristic pattern which should be readily detected if collisions can be studied at impact energies below 200 GeV and centrality as low as $5-10\%$. The effect should be most evident at moderate impact energies below 200 GeV, so we give predictions for impact energy 27 GeV.

11 pages, 3 figures

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• Chiral Condensation and Chiral Phase Diagram under Combined Rotation and Chemical Potential in Holographic QCD