Counting cusp forms by analytic conductor

Abstract

Let $F$ be a number field and $n⩾1$ an integer. The universal family is the set $\mathfrak{F}$ of all unitary cuspidal automorphic representations on ${\mathrm{GL}}_n$ over $F$, ordered by their analytic conductor. We prove an asymptotic for the size of the truncated universal family $\mathfrak{F}(Q)$ as $Q\to \infty$, under a spherical assumption at the archimedean places when $n⩾3$. We interpret the leading term constant geometrically and conjecturally determine the underlying Sato--Tate measure. Our methods naturally provide uniform Weyl laws with logarithmic savings in the level and strong quantitative bounds on the non-tempered discrete spectrum for ${\mathrm{GL}}_n$.

103 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Annales Scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure

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