Theory of electromagnetic wave frequency upconversion in dynamic media

Abstract

Frequency upconversion of an electromagnetic wave can occur in ionized plasma with decreasing electric permittivity and in split-ring resonator-structure metamaterials with decreasing magnetic permeability. We develop a general theory to describe the evolution of the wave frequency, amplitude, and energy density in homogeneous media with a temporally decreasing refractive index. We find that upconversion of the wave frequency is necessarily accompanied by partitioning of the wave energy into low-frequency modes, which sets an upper limit on the energy conversion efficiency. The efficiency limits are obtained for both varying permittivity and varying permeability.

arXiv comment7 pages, 2 figures

References in corpus (1)

• Dynamical Casimir effect in a Josephson metamaterial

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Signature of Collective Plasma Effects in Beam-Driven QED Cascades
• Overcoming the efficiency-bandwidth tradeoff for optical harmonics generation using nonlinear time-variant resonators
• Radiation in equilibrium with plasma and plasma effects on cosmic microwave background
• Laser Compression via fast-extending plasma gratings
• Collective plasma effects of electron-positron pairs in beam-driven QED cascades
• Laser frequency upconversion in plasmas with finite ionization rates
• Creating pair plasmas with observable collective effects
• Creating localized plasma wave by ionization of doped semiconductors
• Storage and retrieval of electromagnetic waves in a metasurface based on bound states in the continuum by conductivity modulation