Anisotropic Superfluid Behavior of a Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate

Abstract

We present transport measurements on a dipolar superfluid using a Bose-Einstein condensate of Dy-162 with strong magnetic dipole-dipole interactions. By moving an attractive laser beam through the condensate we observe an anisotropy in superfluid flow. This observation is compatible with an anisotropic critical velocity for the breakdown of dissipationless flow, which, in the spirit of the Landau criterion, can directly be connected to the anisotropy of the underlying dipolar excitation spectrum. In addition, the heating rate above this critical velocity reflects the same anisotropy. Our observations are in excellent agreement with simulations based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and highlight the effect of dipolar interactions on macroscopic transport properties, rendering dissipation anisotropic.

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Cited by in corpus (38)

• Long-lived and transient supersolid behaviors in dipolar quantum gases
• Dipolar physics: A review of experiments with magnetic quantum gases
• Probing the roton excitation spectrum of a stable dipolar Bose gas
• Pattern Formation in Quantum Ferrofluids: from Supersolids to Superglasses
• Roton Excitations in an Oblate Dipolar Quantum Gas
• Self-bound dipolar droplets and supersolids in molecular Bose-Einstein condensates
• Strongly anisotropic vortices in dipolar quantum droplets
• Vortex Lattice Formation in Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates via Rotation of the Polarization
• Two-dimensional supersolidity in a planar dipolar Bose gas
• Self-bound Doubly-Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
• Control of ${}^{164}$Dy Bose-Einstein condensate phases and dynamics with dipolar anisotropy
• Instability of Rotationally Tuned Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Infinite dipolar droplet -- a simple theory for the macro-droplet regime
• Excitations and number fluctuations in an elongated dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
• Droplet Arrays in Doubly-Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
• Superfluidity of a laser-stirred Bose-Einstein condensate
• Scalar, tensor and vector polarizability of Tm atoms in 532 nm dipole trap
• Arbitrary-angle rotation of the polarization of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
• Generation of density waves in dipolar quantum gases by time-periodic modulation of atomic interactions
• Striped Ultradilute Liquid of Dipolar Bosons in Two Dimensions
• Thermoviscous Hydrodynamics in Non-Degenerate Dipolar Bose Gases
• Exploring the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in a Two-dimensional Dipolar Bose Gas
• Detection of roton and phonon excitations in a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate with a moving barrier
• Ground states of dipolar spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a toroidal trap
• Vortex pair dynamics in three-dimensional homogeneous dipolar superfluids
• A quantum Monte Carlo based density functional for Dysprosium dipolar system
• Probing quantum entanglement from magnetic-sublevels populations: beyond spin squeezing inequalities
• Superfluidity and coherence in uniform dipolar binary Bose mixtures
• Designing Atomtronic Circuits via Superfluid Dynamics
• Vortex to Rotons Transition in Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Roadmap to vortex nucleation below critical rotation frequency in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
• Moving Bose mixtures with dipole-dipole interactions
• Anomalous non-thermal fixed point in a quasi-two-dimensional dipolar Bose gas
• Excitations and anisotropic sound in planar dipolar supersolids with tilted dipoles
• Crow instability of vortex lines in dipolar superfluids
• Dynamical signatures of superfluidity and shear rigidity in different phases of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
• Quasiparticle spectra of mixtures of dipolar and non-dipolar condensates at zero and finite temperatures
• A Kaleidoscope of Topological Structures in Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates with Weyl-Like Spin-Orbit Coupling in Anharmonic Trap