Low-lying states in even Gd isotopes studied with five-dimensional collective Hamiltonian based on covariant density functional theory

Abstract

Five-dimensional collective Hamiltonian based on the covariant density functional theory has been applied to study the the low-lying states of even-even ${}^{148-162}$Gd isotopes. The shape evolution from ${}^{148}$Gd to ${}^{162}$Gd is presented. The experimental energy spectra and intraband $B(E2)$ transition probabilities for the ${}^{148-162}$Gd isotopes are reproduced by the present calculations. The relative $B(E2)$ ratios in present calculations are also compared with the available interacting boson model results and experimental data. It is found that the occupations of neutron $1i_{13/2}$ orbital result in the well-deformed prolate shape, and are essential for Gd isotopes.

arXiv comment11pages, 10figures

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• Interplay of quadrupole and octupole degrees of freedom in the Gd isotopes