On the Unification Problem in Physics

Abstract

Revised translation of Kaluza's historic 1921 paper, "Zum Unitätsproblem der Physik," on 5-dimensional spacetime, used to unify gravity and electromagnetism. This version is based, in part, on a 1984 translation provided by T. Muta, but revised and formatted using LaTeX to closely match the original paper in appearance and pagination. Kaluza's original notation is restored.

No abstract in original German paper

Cited by in corpus (125)

• Hunting for extra dimensions in the shadow of M87*
• Gravitationally decoupled strange star model beyond standard maximum mass limit in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Improved BBN Constraints on the Variation of the Gravitational Constant
• Precision Gravity Tests and the Einstein Equivalence Principle
• Two-dimensional non-Hermitian skin effect in an ultracold Fermi gas
• Large Spin-2 Signals at the Cosmological Collider
• The Geometry, Branes and Applications of Exceptional Field Theory
• Islands in Kaluza-Klein black holes
• Ricci-inverse gravity: a novel alternative gravity, its flaws, and how to cure them
• Asymptotically locally flat and AdS higher-dimensional black holes of Einstein-Horndeski-Maxwell gravity in the light of EHT observations: shadow behavior and deflection angle
• Massive Spin-2 Scattering Amplitudes in Extra-Dimensional Theories
• SO(8) Supergravity and the Magic of Machine Learning
• Result of the MICROSCOPE Weak Equivalence Principle test
• Gravitational wave from extreme mass-ratio inspirals as a probe of extra dimensions
• Can varying the gravitational constant alleviate the tensions ?
• A class of solitons in Maxwell-scalar and Einstein-Maxwell-scalar models
• Linear confinement of generalized KG-oscillator with a uniform magnetic field in Kaluza-Klein theory and Aharonov-Bohm effect
• Constructing black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory
• Exact Solutions in Higher-Dimensional Lovelock and $Ad{S}_5$ Chern-Simons Gravity
• Sum Rules for Massive Spin-2 Kaluza-Klein Elastic Scattering Amplitudes
• Scattering Amplitudes of Massive Spin-2 Kaluza-Klein States Grow Only as $\mathcal{O}(s)$
• Structure of Kaluza-Klein Graviton Scattering Amplitudes from Gravitational Equivalence Theorem and Double-Copy
• Dynamical wormholes in Lovelock gravity
• Physical Properties of Brane-World Black Hole Solutions via a Confining Potential
• Accelerating Universe with a stable extra dimension in cuscuton gravity
• Dynamical scalarization in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory
• Higher-dimensional quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder model
• Extended reduced-order surrogate models for scalar-tensor gravity in the strong field and applications to binary pulsars and gravitational waves
• Spin-2 KK Mode Scattering in Models with a Massive Radion
• New Black-String Solutions for an Anti-de Sitter Brane in Scalar-Tensor Gravity
• Scattering Amplitudes of Kaluza-Klein Strings and Extended Massive Double-Copy
• Does black hole continuum spectrum signal f(R) gravity in higher dimensions?
• Probing the holographic dilaton
• Crossing the phantom divide line in universal extra dimensions
• Constraint on the radius of five-dimensional dS spacetime with GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• General parametrization of higher-dimensional black holes and its application to Einstein-Lovelock theory
• LyST: a Scalar-Tensor Theory of Gravity on Lyra Manifold
• Influence of plasma on the optical appearance of spinning black hole in Kalb-Ramond gravity and its Existence around M87* and Sgr A*
• Incorporating Physical Constraints in Braneworld Black-String Solutions for a Minkowski Brane in Scalar-Tensor Gravity
• Observational constraints on varying fundamental constants in a minimal CPC model
• Extra dimensions' influence on the equilibrium and radial stability of strange quark stars
• Fermion production at the boundary of an expanding universe: a cold-atom gravitational analogue
• Multi-kink brane in Gauss-Bonnet gravity and its stability
• Hunting for extra dimensions in black hole shadows
• Z2-Symmetric Thick Brane with Specific Warp Function
• Primordial monopolium as dark matter
• New class of exact solutions to Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory on four-dimensional Bianchi type IX geometry
• Shortcut in codimension-2 brane cosmology in light of GW170817
• Shadows of black holes at cosmological distances in the co-varying physical couplings framework
• Lifting Directional Fields to Minimal Sections
• Polarization modes of gravitational waves in general Einstein-vector theory
• Scattering Amplitudes of Massive Spin-2 Kaluza-Klein States with Matter
• On the microstructure of higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordström black holes in quantum regime
• Effects of Kaluza-Klein theory and potential on a generalized Klein-Gordon oscillator in the cosmic string space-time
• Gravitational Equivalence Theorem and Double-Copy for Kaluza-Klein Graviton Scattering Amplitudes
• Barrow Holographic Dark Energy in Brane World Cosmology
• Collisional Penrose process with spinning particles in braneworld black hole
• Fluid pulsation modes from strange stars in a higher-dimensional space-time
• Rotating and charged Taub-NUT-(A)dS spacetimes on a 3-brane
• Multi-centered rotating black holes in Kaluza-Klein theory
• Revisiting regularization with Kaluza-Klein states and Casimir vacuum energy from extra dimensional spaces
• Gravitational measurements in higher dimensions
• Phenomenological Consequences of Supersymmetric Theories from Dimensional Reduction and Reduction of Couplings
• Celestial attributes of Hybrid star in $5\mathcal{D}$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Polytropic stellar structure in 5$\mathcal{D}$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• How to Create Universes with Internal Flux
• Evolution of Fermion Resonance in Thick Brane
• Weak field limit of higher dimensional massive Brans-Dicke gravity: Observational constraints
• Effects of universal extra dimensions on top-quark electromagnetic interactions
• Revisiting Vacuum Energy in Compact Spacetimes
• Stable circular orbits in caged black hole spacetimes
• Imprints of extra dimensions in eccentric extreme-mass-ratio inspirals gravitational waveforms
• Momentum gauge fields from curved momentum space through Kaluza-Klein reduction
• Role of a periodic varying deceleration parameter in Particle creation with higher dimensional FLRW Universe
• Continuous Spin Representation from Contraction of the Conformal Algebra
• Limits on Kaluza-Klein Portal Dark Matter Models
• Energy conditions in a modified Brans-Dicke theory
• How Clifford algebra helps understand second quantized quarks and leptons and corresponding vector and scalar boson fields, {\it opening a new step beyond the standard model}
• A quantum walk simulation of extra dimensions with warped geometry
• Application of Kaluza-Klein Theory in Modeling Compact Stars: Exploring Extra Dimensions
• Analytic solutions for the motion of spinning particles near brane-world black hole
• Covariant and Manifestly Projective Invariant Formulation of Thomas-Whitehead Gravity
• Noncommutative $SO(2,3{)}_{\star }$ Gauge Theory of Gravity
• Stable circular orbits in Kaluza-Klein black hole spacetimes
• Dynamical modelling of disc vertical structure in superthin galaxy `UGC 7321' in braneworld gravity: An MCMC study
• Multi-scale Mining of Kinematic Distributions with Wavelets
• Anti-Evaporation/Evaporation of $n$-dimensional Reissner-Nordström Black Hole
• Indian Contributions to LHC Theory
• Test particles in Kaluza-Klein models
• A Note on the Kaluza-Klein Theory
• Nonlinear dynamics of flux compactification
• Dynamical mechanisms for Kaluza-Klein theories
• Laser Interferometer in Presence of Scalar field on Gravitational Wave Background
• A New Insight on Physical Phenomenology: a Review
• The effect of boundary conditions on dimensionally reduced field-theoretical models at finite temperature
• Kaluza-Klein theories in the framework of Polymer Quantum Mechanics
• Gauge structure of Yang-Mills theories with extra dimensions
• Still learning about space dimensionality: from the description of hydrogen atom by a generalized wave equation for dimensions D$\ge$3
• A new mechanism for freezing extra dimensions with higher-order curvature terms
• Affine connection representation of gauge fields
• Connection Dynamics of Reduced 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein Theory and Its Deparametrization
• Cosmological Singularities in Brane Gravity
• On Geometric Structure of Point Particles
• On the generalized Komar charge of Kaluza-Klein theories and higher-form symmetries
• Exploring black hole shadows in axisymmetric spacetimes with coordinate-independent methods and neural networks
• Non-perturbative Quantum Dynamics on Embedded Submanifolds: From Geometric Mass to Higgs Potentials
• Spherical accretion onto higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordström Black Hole
• Scherk-Schwarz orbifolds at the LHC
• Quantized Scalar Fields in Curved Spacetime Background of Thick Brane
• Black Holes in Higher Dimensional General Relativity
• Graviton loop contribution to Higgs potential in gauge-Higgs unification
• Confinement of bosonic and spinning particles in braneworlds
• Properties of generalized Schwarzschild spacetimes with extra dimensions
• Tales from the prehistory of Quantum Gravity. Léon Rosenfeld's earliest contribution
• Spatially homogeneous solutions of vacuum Einstein equations in general dimensions
• The Higgs Boson and its Physics -- an Overview
• Particle creation by a massless spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ field in a warped cosmological braneworld scenario
• Dynamics of a homogeneous and isotropic space in pure cubic f(R) gravity
• Analytic and exponentially localized brane-world Reissner-Nordström-AdS solution: a top-down approach
• Progress in particle tracking and vertexing detectors
• A Conceptual Introduction To Signature Change Through a Natural Extension of Kaluza-Klein Theory
• From rotating attractors to extremal black holes with axionic hair
• A variational principle for Kaluza-Klein type theories
• Extended datasamples under the lens of Brane World Theory
• A lift of the Seiberg-Witten equations to Kaluza-Klein 5-manifolds