Dynamics of a Lattice Gauge Theory with Fermionic Matter -- Minimal Quantum Simulator with Time-Dependent Impurities in Ultracold Gases

Abstract

We propose a minimal model to study the real-time dynamics of a ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theory coupled to fermionic matter in a cold atom quantum simulator setup. We show that dynamical correlators of the gauge fields can be measured in experiments studying the time-evolution of two pairs of impurities, and suggest the protocol for implementing the model in cold atom experiments. Further, we discuss a number of unexpected features found in the integrable limit of the model, as well as its extensions to a non-integrable case. A potential experimental implementation of our model in the latter regime would allow one to simulate strongly-interacting lattice gauge theories beyond current capabilities of classical computers.

arXiv comment6 pages, 4 figures. Invited contribution to the Focus Issue on Quantum Simulation

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Cited by in corpus (3)

• Simulating Lattice Gauge Theories within Quantum Technologies
• Logarithmic spreading of out-of-time-ordered correlators without many-body localization
• Phase structure of the one-dimensional ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theory with second nearest-neighbor interactions