Probing quantum turbulence in He by quantum evaporation measurements
arXiv:1802.07071 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.015302
Abstract
Theory of superfluid He shows that, due to strong correlations and backflow effects, the density profile of a vortex line has the character of a density modulation and it is not a simple rarefaction region as found in clouds of cold bosonic atoms. We find that the basic features of this density modulation are represented by a wave--packet of cylindrical symmetry in which rotons with positive group velocity have a dominant role: The vortex density modulation can be viewed as a cloud of virtual excitations, mainly rotons, sustained by the phase of the vortex wave function. This suggests that in a vortex reconnection some of these rotons become real so that a vortex tangle is predicted to be a source of non-thermal rotons. The presence of such vorticity induced rotons can be verified by measurements at low temperature of quantum evaporation of He atoms. We estimate the rate of evaporation and this turns out to be detectable by current instrumentation. Additional information on the microscopic processes in the decay of quantum turbulence will be obtained if quantum evaporation by high energy phonons should be detected.
arXiv comment9 pages, 7 figures
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- Mesoscale helicity distinguishes Vinen from Kolmogorov turbulence in helium II
- Density functional theory modeling of vortex shedding in superfluid He-4
- Merging of superfluid Helium nanodroplets with vortices