Surface and interfacial tensions of Hofmeister electrolytes

Abstract

We present a theory that is able to account quantitatively for the surface and interfacial tensions of different electrolyte solutions. It is found that near the interface, ions can be separated into two classes: the kosmotropes and the chaotropes. While the kosmotropes remain hydrated near the interface and are repelled from it, the chaotropes loose their hydration sheath and become adsorbed to the surface. The anionic adsorption is strongly correlated with the Jones-Dole viscosity B-coefficient. Both hydration and polarizability must be taken into account to obtain a quantitative agreement with the experiments. To calculate the excess interfacial tension of the oil-electrolyte interface, the dispersion interactions must also be included. The theory can also be used to calculate the surface and the interfacial tensions of acid solutions, predicting a strong surface adsorption of hydronium ion.

References in corpus (5)

• Ions at the air-water interface: An end to one hundred year old mystery?
• Polarizable ions at interfaces
• Surface tensions, surface potentials and the Hofmeister series of electrolyte solutions
• Ion specificity and the theory of stability of colloidal suspensions
• Surface tensions and surface potentials of acid solutions

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• Adsorption of cationic polyions to a hydrophobic surface in the presence of Hofmeister salts