Dynamics of high-order solitons in the nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations

Abstract

A study of high-order solitons in three nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations is presented, which includes the \PT-symmetric, reverse-time, and reverse-space-time nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations. General high-order solitons in three different equations are derived from the same Riemann-Hilbert solutions of the AKNS hierarchy, except for the difference in the corresponding symmetry relations on the "perturbed" scattering data. Dynamics of general high-order solitons in these equations is further analyzed. It is shown that the high-order fundamental-soliton is always moving on several different trajectories in nearly equal velocities, and they can be nonsingular or repeatedly collapsing, depending on the choices of the parameters. It is also shown that high-order multi-solitons could have more complicated wave structures and behave very differently from high-order fundamental solitons. More interesting is the high-order hybrid-pattern solitons, which are derived from combination of different size of block matrix in the Riemann-Hilbert solutions and thus they can describe a nonlinear interaction between several types of solitons.

arXiv comment16 pages, 8 figures

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