Does Planck 2015 polarization favor high redshift reionization?

Abstract

We study the relationship between signatures of high redshift ionization in large-angle CMB polarization power spectra and features in the Planck 2015 data. Using a principal component (PC) ionization basis that is complete to the cosmic variance limit out to $z_{\max }=30,40,50$, we find a robust $>95\%$ CL preference for ionization at $z>15$ with no preference for $z>40$. This robustness originates from the $\ell \sim 10$ region of the data which show high power relative to $\ell \le 8$ and result in a poor fit to a steplike model of reionization. Instead by allowing for high redshift reionization, the PCs provide a better fit by $2\Delta \ln \mathcal{L}=5-6$. Due to a degeneracy in the ionization redshift response, this improved fit is due to a single aspect of the model: the ability to accommodate $z>10$ component to the ionization as we illustrate with a two-step reionization model. For this and other models that accommodate such a component, its presence is allowed and even favored; for models that do not, their poor fit reflects statistical or systematic fluctuations. These possibilities produce very different and testable predictions at $\ell \sim 15-20$, as well as small but detectable differences at $\ell >30$ that can further restrict the high redshift limit of reionization.

Added appendix to address the claims on priors made in arXiv:1804.08476 and to demonstrate that improved fits can be associated with a single parameter for the high-z optical depth. (11 pages, 12 figures)

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• CMB polarization features from inflation versus reionization
• Cosmological Information from Lensed CMB Power Spectra
• Reionization constraints from five-year WMAP data
• A Projected Estimate of the Reionization Optical Depth Using the CLASS Experiment's Sample-Variance Limited E-Mode Measurement
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