Unusually low thermal conductivity of atomically thin 2D tellurium

Abstract

Tellurium is a high-performance thermoelectric material due to its superior electronic transport and low lattice thermal conductivity (${\kappa }_L$). Here, we report the ultralow ${\kappa }_L$ in the monolayer tellurium, i.e., tellurene, which has been successfully synthesized in recent experiments. We find tellurene has a compellingly low room temperature ${\kappa }_L$ of 2.16 and 4.08 W m${}^{-1}$ K${}^{-1}$ along the armchair and zigzag directions, respectively, which is lower than any reported values for other 2D materials. We attribute this unusually low ${\kappa }_L$ to the soft acoustic modes, extremely low-energy optical modes and the strong scattering among optical-acoustic phonons, which place tellurene as a potential novel thermoelectric material. Finally, we disclose that ${\kappa }_L$ is proportional to the largest acoustic phonon frequency (${\omega }_D^a$) and the lowest optical phonon frequency at $\Gamma$ point (${\omega }_{\Gamma }^o$) in 2D materials, which reflect both harmonic and anharmonic thermal properties respectively.

9 pages, 4 figures, submitting

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