The Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-channel Stimulated Raman Scattering

Abstract

A Gaussian noise (GN) model is presented that properly accounts for an arbitrary frequency dependent signal power profile along the link. This enables the evaluation of the impact of inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) on the optical Kerr nonlinearity. Additionally, the frequency dependent fiber attenuation can be taken into account and transmission systems that use hybrid amplification schemes can be modeled, where distributed Raman amplification is partly applied over the optical spectrum. To include the latter two cases, a set of coupled ordinary differential equations must be numerically solved in order to obtain the signal power profile yielding a semi-analytical model. However for lumped amplification and negligible variation in fiber attenuation, a less complex and fully analytical model is presented which is referred to as the ISRS GN model. The derived model is exact to first-order for Gaussian modulated signals and extensively validated by numerical split-step simulations. A maximum deviation of $0.1$~dB in nonlinear interference power between simulations and the ISRS GN model is found. The model is applied to a transmission system that occupies an optical bandwidth of $10$~THz, representing the entire C+L band. At optimum launch power, changes of up to $2$~dB in nonlinear interference power due to ISRS are reported. Furthermore, comparable models published in the literature are benchmarked against the ISRS GN model.

10 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (4)

• On Probabilistic Shaping of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation for the Nonlinear Fiber Channel
• Introducing the Generalized GN-model for Nonlinear Interference Generation including space/frequency variations of loss/gain
• Capacity of a Nonlinear Optical Channel with Finite Memory
• Achievable information rates estimates in optically-amplified transmission systems using nonlinearity compensation and probabilistic shaping

Cited by in corpus (5)

• A Closed-Form Approximation of the Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-Channel Stimulated Raman Scattering
• A Modulation Format Correction Formula for the Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-Channel Stimulated Raman Scattering
• Optimising O-to-U Band Transmission Using Fast ISRS Gaussian Noise Numerical Integral Model
• Modelling the delayed nonlinear fiber response in coherent optical communications
• Frequency Logarithmic Perturbation on the Group-Velocity Dispersion Parameter with Applications to Passive Optical Networks