Interatomic interaction effects on second-order momentum correlations and Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of double-well-trapped ultracold fermionic atoms

Abstract

Identification and understanding of the evolution of interference patterns in two-particle momentum correlations as a function of the strength of interatomic interactions are important in explorations of the nature of quantum states of trapped particles. Together with the analysis of two-particle spatial correlations, they offer the prospect of uncovering fundamental symmetries and structure of correlated many-body states, as well as opening vistas into potential control and utilization of correlated quantum states as quantum information resources. With the use of the second-order density matrix constructed via exact diagonalization of the microscopic Hamiltonian, and an analytic Hubbard-type model, we explore here the systematic evolution of characteristic interference patterns in the two-body momentum and spatial correlation maps of two entangled ultracold fermionic atoms in a double well, for the entire attractive- and repulsive-interaction range. We uncover statistics-governed bunching and antibunching, as well as interaction-dependent interference patterns, in the ground and excited states, and interpret our results in light of the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference physics, widely exploited in photon indistinguishability testing and quantum information science.

18 pages, 8 color figures. A new section V was added; it describes entanglement aspects and the connection to the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference physics. Also the whole range for both repulsive and attractive interparticle interaction is now investigated. For related papers, see http://www.prism.gatech.edu/~ph274cy/

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• Intercomponent correlations in attractive one-dimensional mass-imbalanced few-body mixtures
• Momentum correlations of a few ultra-cold bosons escaping from an open well
• Interference, spectral momentum correlations, entanglement, and Bell inequality for a trapped interacting ultracold atomic dimer: Analogies with biphoton interferometry
• Anyon optics with time-of-flight two-particle interference of double-well-trapped interacting ultracold atoms
• Third-order momentum correlation interferometry maps for entangled quantal states of three singly trapped massive ultracold fermions
• All-order momentum correlations of three ultracold bosonic atoms confined in triple-well traps: Signatures of emergent many-body quantum phase transitions and analogies with three-photon quantum-optics interference
• Fermionic vs. bosonic two-site Hubbard models with a pair of interacting cold atoms
• Phases and condensates in zero-temperature QCD at finite ${\mu }_I$ and ${\mu }_S$
• Spin vs. position conjugation in quantum simulations with atoms: application to quantum chemistry