The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. XIII. Discovery of 40 New Galaxy-Scale Strong Lenses

Abstract

We present the full sample of 118 galaxy-scale strong-lens candidates in the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey for the Masses (S4TM) Survey, which are spectroscopically selected from the final data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Follow-up Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging observations confirm that 40 candidates are definite strong lenses with multiple lensed images. The foreground lens galaxies are found to be early-type galaxies (ETGs) at redshifts 0.06 to 0.44, and background sources are emission-line galaxies at redshifts 0.22 to 1.29. As an extension of the SLACS Survey, the S4TM Survey is the first attempt to preferentially search for strong-lens systems with relatively lower lens masses than those in the pre-existing strong-lens samples. By fitting HST data with a singular isothermal ellipsoid model, we find total projected mass within the Einstein radius of the S4TM strong-lens sample ranges from $3\times 10^{10}{M}_{\odot }$ to $2\times 10^{11}{M}_{\odot }$. In [Shu15], we have derived the total stellar mass of the S4TM lenses to be $5\times 10^{10}{M}_{\odot }$ to $1\times 10^{12}{M}_{\odot }$. Both total enclosed mass and stellar mass of the S4TM lenses are on average almost a factor of 2 smaller than those of the SLACS lenses, which also represent typical mass scales of the current strong-lens samples. The extended mass coverage provided by the S4TM sample can enable a direct test, with the aid of strong lensing, for transitions in scaling relations, kinematic properties, mass structure, and dark-matter content trends of ETGs at intermediate-mass scales as noted in previous studies.

13 pages, 3 figures, very minor edits to match the ApJ-published version

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• LinKS: Discovering galaxy-scale strong lenses in the Kilo-Degree Survey using Convolutional Neural Networks
• The use of convolutional neural networks for modelling large optically-selected strong galaxy-lens samples