Off-shell Higgs Probe to Naturalness

Abstract

Examining the Higgs sector at high energy scales through off-shell Higgs production can potentially shed light on the naturalness problem of the Higgs mass. We propose such a study at the LHC by utilizing a representative model with a new scalar field ($S$) coupled to the Standard Model Higgs doublet ($H$) in a form $|S{|}^2|H{|}^2$. In the process $pp\to h^{\ast }\to ZZ$, the dominant momentum-dependent part of the one-loop scalar singlet corrections, especially above the new threshold at $2m_S$, leads to a measurable deviation in the differential distribution of the $Z$-pair invariant mass, in accordance with the quadratic divergence cancellation to the Higgs mass. We find that it is conceivable to probe such new physics at the $5\sigma$ level at the high-luminosity LHC, improving further with the upgraded $27$ TeV LHC, without requiring the precise measurement of the Higgs boson total width. The discovery of such a Higgs portal could also have important implications for thermal dark matter as well as for electroweak baryogenesis.

5 pages, 4 figures; v2: results for 27 TeV LHC upgrade included and scale dependence of couplings specified; v3: revised figures, main conclusions unchanged

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