Planck's view on the spectrum of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

Abstract

We present a detailed analysis of the stacked frequency spectrum of a large sample of galaxy clusters using Planck data, together with auxiliary data from the AKARI and IRAS missions. Our primary goal is to search for the imprint of relativistic corrections to the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (tSZ) spectrum, which allow to measure the temperature of the intracluster medium. We remove Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds with a matched filtering technique, which is validated using simulations with realistic mock data sets. The extracted spectra show the tSZ signal at high significance and reveal an additional far-infrared (FIR) excess, which we attribute to thermal emission from the galaxy clusters themselves. This excess FIR emission from clusters is accounted for in our spectral model. We are able to measure the tSZ relativistic corrections at $2.2\sigma$ by constraining the mean temperature of our cluster sample to $4.4_{-2.0}^{+2.1}\mathrm{keV}$. We repeat the same analysis on a subsample containing only the 100 hottest clusters, for which we measure the mean temperature to be $6.0_{-2.9}^{+3.8}\mathrm{keV}$, corresponding to $2.0\sigma$. The temperature of the emitting dust grains in our FIR model is constrained to $\simeq 20\mathrm{K}$, consistent with previous studies. Control for systematic biases is done by fitting mock clusters, from which we also show that using the non-relativistic spectrum for SZ signal extraction will lead to a bias in the integrated Compton parameter $Y$, which can be up to 14% for the most massive clusters. We conclude by providing an outlook for the upcoming CCAT-prime telescope, which will improve upon Planck with lower noise and better spatial resolution.

matches the article published in MNRAS; 22 pages, 16 figures

References in corpus (9)

• Galaxy Clusters Discovered via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the 2500-square-degree SPT-SZ survey
• Catalog Extraction in SZ Cluster Surveys: a matched filter approach
• Radio Sources in Galaxy Clusters: Radial Distribution, and 1.4 GHz and K-band Bivariate Luminosity Function
• The $AKARI$ Far-Infrared All-Sky Survey Maps
• Calibration of the AKARI Far-infrared All Sky Survey Maps
• Parque Astronómico de Atacama: An ideal site for millimeter, submillimeter, and mid-infrared astronomy
• The Infrared Luminosity of Galaxy Clusters
• The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich temperature of the intracluster medium
• High significance detection of the tSZ effect relativistic corrections

Cited by in corpus (51)

• Astrophysics with the Spatially and Spectrally Resolved Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effects: A Millimetre/Submillimetre Probe of the Warm and Hot Universe
• Universal thermodynamic properties of the intracluster medium over two decades in radius in the X-COP sample
• The SPTpol Extended Cluster Survey
• The Physics of Galaxy Cluster Outskirts
• Cosmological implications of the anisotropy of ten galaxy cluster scaling relations
• CCAT-prime Collaboration: Science Goals and Forecasts with Prime-Cam on the Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope
• The Cosmic Thermal History Probed by Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect Tomography
• Dust in and around galaxies: dust in cluster environments and its impact on gas cooling
• Can we neglect relativistic temperature corrections in the Planck thermal SZ analysis?
• Sensitivity of the Prime-Cam Instrument on the CCAT-prime Telescope
• An X-ray selected catalog of extended galaxy clusters from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RXGCC)
• Shocks in the Stacked Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Profiles of Clusters II: Measurements from SPT-SZ + Planck Compton-y Map
• Relativistic SZ temperature scaling relations of groups and clusters derived from the BAHAMAS and MACSIS simulations
• Mapping the relativistic electron gas temperature across the sky
• The impact of modified gravity on the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
• A multi-simulation study of relativistic SZ temperature scalings in galaxy clusters and groups
• Cosmology with the pairwise kinematic SZ effect: Calibration and validation using hydrodynamical simulations
• Measuring $H_0$ using X-ray and SZ effect observations of dynamically relaxed galaxy clusters
• Unlocking the synergy between CMB spectral distortions and anisotropies
• Atacama Cosmology Telescope measurements of a large sample of candidates from the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey: Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect confirmation of MaDCoWS candidates using ACT
• Prime-Cam: A first-light instrument for the CCAT-prime telescope
• One-Two Quench: A Double Minor Merger Scenario
• Refined modelling of the radio SZ signal: kinematic terms, relativistic temperature corrections and anisotropies in the radio background
• Percent-level constraints on baryonic feedback with spectral distortion measurements
• Multiwavelength view of SPT-CL J2106-5844. The radio galaxies and the thermal and relativistic plasmas in a massive galaxy cluster merger at z~1.13
• Constraining CMB temperature evolution with Sunyaev-Zel'dovich galaxy clusters from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope
• Cosmology with the thermal-kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
• Detecting ultra-high energy cosmic ray anisotropies through cross-correlations
• Measurement of the Relativistic Sunyaev-Zeldovich Corrections in RX J1347.5-1145
• Impact of SZ cluster residuals in CMB maps and CMB-LSS cross-correlations
• Pairwise kSZ signal extraction efficacy and optical depth estimation
• Inverse-Compton Scattering of the Cosmic Infrared Background
• Introducing constrained matched filters for improved separation of point sources from galaxy clusters
• Physical modelling of galaxy clusters using Einasto dark matter profiles
• Dust in Clusters of Galaxies
• Non-thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich signal from radio galaxy lobes
• Importance of intracluster scattering and relativistic corrections from tSZ effect with Cosmic Infrared Background
• Bayesian recalibration of Planck galaxy cluster scaling relations including relativistic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich corrections
• Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) Science: Resolving the Hot and Ionized Universe through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
• Millimeter-wave observations of Euclid Deep Field South using the South Pole Telescope: A data release of temperature maps and catalogs
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: SZ-based masses and dust emission from IR-selected cluster candidates in the SHELA survey
• Constraining the average magnetic field in galaxy clusters with current and upcoming CMB surveys
• SpectrAx: Spectral Search of Axion-Like Particles Using Multi-Band Observations of Galaxy Clusters from SKA, SO, CMB-S4 and eROSITA
• A High-resolution SZ View of the Warm-Hot Universe
• PCAT-DE: Reconstructing point-like and diffuse signals in astronomical images using spatial and spectral information
• Turbulence Induced Non-Gaussian Spectral Distortion in the Microwave Sky from Photon-Axion Conversion in Galaxy Clusters
• Thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich measurements and cosmic infrared background leakage mitigation combining upcoming ground-based telescopes
• "SZ spectroscopy" in the coming decade: Galaxy cluster cosmology and astrophysics in the submillimeter
• Temperature measurements with the relativistic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
• Mapping the intracluster medium temperature in the era of NIKA2 and MUSTANG-2
• Relativistic SZ maps and electron gas temperature spectroscopy