Equivalence between the Hamiltonian and Langevin noise description of plasmon-polaritons in a dispersive and lossy inhomogeneous medium

Abstract

We demonstrate the fundamental links existing between two different descriptions of quantum electrodynamics in inhomogeneous, lossy and dispersive dielectric media which are based either on the Huttner-Barnett formalism for polaritons [B. Huttner and S. M. Barnett, Phys.Rev. A 46, 4306 (1992)] or the Langevin noise approach using fluctuating currents [T. Gruner and D.-G. Welsch, Phys.Rev.A 53, 1818 (1996)]. In this work we demonstrate the practical equivalence of the two descriptions by introducing the concept of effective photon state associated with some specific noise current distribution. We study the impact of these results on the calculation and interpretation of quantum observables such as fluctuations, correlations, and Casimir forces.

Submitted for publication (2017)

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• Numerical Framework for Modeling Quantum Electromagnetic Systems Involving Finite-Sized Lossy Dielectric Objects in Free Space
• Quantum electrodynamics of lossy magnetodielectric samples in vacuum: modified Langevin noise formalism
• Operative Approach to Quantum Electrodynamics in Dispersive Dielectric Objects Based on a Polarization Modal Expansion
• Active Electric Dipole Energy Sources: Transduction via Electric Scalar and Vector Potentials
• Integral Formulation of Macroscopic Quantum Electrodynamics in Dispersive Dielectric Objects
• Damped oscillators within the general theory of Casimir and van der Waals forces
• Nonlinear Quantum Electrodynamics of Epsilon-Near-Zero Nanocavities
• Atom-Field-Medium Interactions I: Graded Influence Actions for $N$ Harmonic Atoms in a Dielectric-Altered Quantum Field
• Quantum optical scattering by macroscopic lossy objects: A general approach
• Critical review of quantum plasmonic models for finite-size media