Turbulence Hierarchy in a Random Fibre Laser

Abstract

Turbulence is a challenging feature common to a wide range of complex phenomena. Random fibre lasers are a special class of lasers in which the feedback arises from multiple scattering in a one-dimensional disordered cavity-less medium. Here, we report on statistical signatures of turbulence in the distribution of intensity fluctuations in a continuous-wave-pumped erbium-based random fibre laser, with random Bragg grating scatterers. The distribution of intensity fluctuations in an extensive data set exhibits three qualitatively distinct behaviours: a Gaussian regime below threshold, a mixture of two distributions with exponentially decaying tails near the threshold, and a mixture of distributions with stretched-exponential tails above threshold. All distributions are well described by a hierarchical stochastic model that incorporates Kolmogorov's theory of turbulence, which includes energy cascade and the intermittence phenomenon. Our findings have implications for explaining the remarkably challenging turbulent behaviour in photonics, using a random fibre laser as the experimental platform.

9 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (8)

• Emergence of turbulence in an oscillating Bose-Einstein condensate
• Influence of Atmospheric Turbulence on Optical Communications using Orbital Angular Momentum for Encoding
• Random Fiber Laser
• General phase-diagram of multimodal ordered and disordered lasers in closed and open cavities
• How turbulence regulates biodiversity in systems with cyclic competition
• Universality Classes of Fluctuation Dynamics in Hierarchical Complex Systems
• Stochastic Dynamical Model of Intermittency in Fully Developed Turbulence
• Statistical properties of one-dimensional random lasers

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• Observation of Replica Symmetry Breaking in Standard Mode-Locked Fiber Laser
• A Lévy flight for electrons in graphene: superdiffusive-to-diffusive transport transition
• Temporal variation of the spectrum of continuously-pumped random fiber laser. Phenomenological model
• Persistence and Stochastic Periodicity in the Intensity Dynamics of a Fiber Laser During the Transition to Optical Turbulence
• A maximum entropy approach to H-theory: Statistical mechanics of hierarchical systems
• Intensity $g^{(2)}$-correlations in random fiber lasers: A random matrix theory approach
• Matrix H-theory approach to stock market fluctuations
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• Intermediate time scale in the first product formation time distribution of Michaelis-Menten kinetics with inhibitors