Unified framework for quantumness -- coherence, discord, and entanglement

Abstract

From an operational perspective, quantumness characterizes the exotic behavior in a physical process which cannot be explained with Newtonian physics. There are several widely used measures of quantumness, including coherence, discord, and entanglement, each proven to be essential resources in particular situations. There exists evidence of fundamental connections amongst the three measures. However, those quantumnesses are still regarded differently and such connections are yet to be elucidated. Here, we introduce a general framework of defining a unified quantumness with an operational motivation founded on the capability of interferometry. The quantumness appears differently as coherence, discord, and entanglement in different scenarios with local measurement, weak reference frame free measurement, and strong reference frame free measurement, respectively. Our results also elaborate how these three measures are related and how they can be transformed from each other. This framework can be further extended to other scenarios and serves as a universal quantumness measure.

arXiv comment9 pages, 4 figures

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• Operational Resource Theory of Nonclassicality via Quantum Metrology
• Unification of quantum resources in tripartite systems
• Quantum Coherence Witness with Untrusted Measurement Devices
• Quantum coherence via conditional entropy
• Unification of quantum resources in distributed scenarios
• The intrinsic relations of quantum resources in multiparticle systems
• Trade-off relations of quantum resource theory in neutrino oscillations
• Quantum Path Computing: Computing Architecture with Propagation Paths in Multiple Plane Diffraction of Classical Sources of Fermion and Boson Particles
• Quantifying Coherence with Untrusted Devices