Hall Viscosity and the Acoustic Faraday Effect

Abstract

For more than 20 years, observation of the non-dissipative Hall viscosity in the quantum Hall effect has been impeded by the difficulty to probe directly the momentum of the two-dimensional electron gas. However, in three-dimensional systems such as superfluid ${}^3\mathrm{He}-\mathrm{B}$, the momentum density is readily probed through transverse acoustic waves. We show that in a three-dimensional elastic medium supporting transverse waves, a non-vanishing Hall viscosity induces circular birefringence. Such an effect has been observed in ${}^3\mathrm{He}-\mathrm{B}$ in the presence of a weak magnetic field, and is known as the acoustic Faraday effect. The acoustic Faraday effect has been understood in terms of the Zeeman splitting of the excited order parameter modes which support the transverse wave propagation in the superfluid. We show that the Zeeman effect can generically lead to a non-zero Hall viscosity coefficient, and confirm this prediction using a simple phenomenological model for the ${}^3\mathrm{He}-\mathrm{B}$ collective modes. Therefore, we claim that the observation of the acoustic Faraday effect can be leveraged to make a direct observation of the Hall viscosity in superfluid ${}^3\mathrm{He}-\mathrm{B}$ in a magnetic field and other systems such as the crystalline ${\mathrm{Tb}}_3{\mathrm{Ga}}_5{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ material.

7 pages

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• Phonon Hall viscosity from phonon-spinon interactions
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• Boundary central charge from bulk odd viscosity - chiral superfluids
• Hall viscosity and conductivity of two-dimensional chiral superconductors
• Hall viscosity in the A-phase of superfluid ${}^3$He
• Anomalous circular phonon dichroism in transition metal dichalcogenides
• Geometric and computational aspects of chiral topological quantum matter
• Gauge theory for topological waves in continuum fluids with odd viscosity