Magic-wavelength Faraday probe measures spin continuously and without light shifts
arXiv:1705.10965 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.96.063402
Abstract
We describe a dispersive Faraday optical probe of atomic spin which performs a weak measurement of spin projection of a quantum gas continuously for more than one second. To date focusing bright far-off-resonance probes onto quantum gases has proved invasive, due to strong scalar and vector light shifts exerting dipole and Stern-Gerlach forces. We show that tuning the probe near the magic-zero wavelength at 790 nm between the fine-structure doublet of Rb cancels the scalar light shift, and careful control of polarization eliminates the vector light shift. Faraday rotations due to each fine-structure line reinforce at this wavelength, enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio for a fixed rate of probe-induced decoherence. Using this minimally-invasive spin probe we perform microscale atomic magnetometry at high temporal resolution. Spectrogram analysis of the Larmor precession signal of a single spinor Bose-Einstein condensate measures a time-varying magnetic field strength with 1 μG accuracy every 5 ms; or equivalently makes > 200 successive measurements each at sensitivity.
References in corpus (40)
- Optical Magnetometry
- Quantum interface between light and atomic ensembles
- Experimental long-lived entanglement of two macroscopic objects
- Quantum teleportation between light and matter
- Experimental demonstration of quantum memory for light
- Quantum-state control in optical lattices
- Resonant control of spin dynamics in ultracold quantum gases by microwave dressing
- Three-body decay of a rubidium Bose-Einstein condensate
- Rapid production of Rb BECs in a combined magnetic and optical potential
- Species-specific optical lattices
- Coherent spin mixing dynamics in a spin-1 atomic condensate
- Quantum Non-Demolition Detection of Strongly Correlated Systems
- Scattering in Mixed Dimensions with Ultracold Gases
- Continuous Weak Measurement and Nonlinear Dynamics in a Cold Spin Ensemble
- Quantum control and measurement of atomic spins in polarization spectroscopy
- Quantum Phase Transitions and Continuous Observation of Spinor Dynamics in an Antiferromagnetic Condensate
- Tensor polarizability and dispersive quantum measurement of multilevel atoms
- Efficient Quantum State Estimation by Continuous Weak Measurement and Dynamical Control
- Magic-zero wavelengths of alkali-metal atoms and their applications
- QND Measurement of Large-Spin Ensembles by Dynamical Decoupling
- Simultaneous tracking of spin angle and amplitude beyond classical limits
- Generation of macroscopic singlet states in a cold atomic ensemble
- Polarization-based Light-Atom Quantum Interface with an All-optical Trap
- Low-frequency vacuum squeezing via polarization self-rotation in Rb vapor
- Stroboscopic back-action evasion in a dense alkali-metal vapor
- Thermometry Precision in Strongly Correlated Ultracold Lattice Gases
- Active Faraday optical frequency standards
- Certified quantum non-demolition measurement of a macroscopic material system
- Number Fluctuations and Energy Dissipation in Sodium Spinor Condensates
- Faraday spectroscopy in an optical lattice: a continuous probe of atom dynamics
- Real-time vector field tracking with a cold-atom magnetometer
- High precision measurement of the 87Rb D-line tune-out wavelength
- Feedback-cooling of an atomic spin ensemble
- Off resonance laser frequency stabilization using the Faraday effect
- Three-dimensional light-matter interface for collective spin squeezing in atomic ensembles
- Quantum tomography of the full hyperfine manifold of atomic spins via continuous measurement on an ensemble
- Three dimensional theory for light matter interaction
- Magnetic tensor gradiometry using Ramsey interferometry of spinor condensates
- Quantum Noise for Faraday Light Matter Interfaces
- Measurement and extinction of vector light shifts using interferometry of spinor condensates
Cited by in corpus (15)
- Quantum limits to the energy resolution of magnetic field sensors
- Realization of a fractional period adiabatic superlattice
- Wide-bandwidth atomic magnetometry via instantaneous-phase retrieval
- Fisher information of correlated stochastic processes
- Continuously observing a dynamically decoupled spin-1 quantum gas
- Adaptive cold-atom magnetometry mitigating the trade-off between sensitivity and dynamic range
- Dynamics of an itinerant spin-3 atomic dipolar gas in an optical lattice
- Squeezing the angular momentum of an ensemble of complex multi-level atoms
- Measurement of a Li tune-out wavelength by phase-patterned atom interferometry
- Quantum lock-in detection of a vector light shift
- Quantum sensing with ultracold simulators in lattice and ensemble systems: a review
- Quantum spectral analysis by continuous measurement of Landau-Zener transitions
- Error-disturbance uncertainty relations in Faraday measurements
- Quantum backaction effects in sequential measurements
- In situ magnetic-field stabilization for quantum-gas experiments