The variance of the ${\ell }_p^n$-norm of the Gaussian vector, and Dvoretzky's theorem

Abstract

Let $n$ be a large integer, and let $G$ be the standard Gaussian vector in $R^n$. Paouris, Valettas and Zinn (2015) showed that for all $p\in [1,c\log n]$, the variance of the ${\ell }_p^n$--norm of $G$ is equivalent, up to a constant multiple, to $\frac{2^p}{p}{n}^{2/p-1}$, and for $p\in [C\log n,\infty ]$, $\mathbb{V}ar\Vert G{\Vert }_p\simeq (\log n{)}^{-1}$. Here, $C,c>0$ are universal constants. That result left open the question of estimating the variance for $p$ logarithmic in $n$. In this note, we resolve the question by providing a complete characterization of $\mathbb{V}ar\Vert G{\Vert }_p$ for all $p$. We show that there exist two transition points (windows) in which behavior of $\mathbb{V}ar\Vert G{\Vert }_p$, viewed as a function of $p$, significantly changes. We also discuss some implications of our result in context of random Dvoretzky's theorem for ${\ell }_p^n$.