Spin-orbit splittings of neutron states in $N=20$ isotones from covariant density functionals and their extensions

Abstract

Spin-orbit splitting is an essential ingredient for our understanding of the shell structure in nuclei. One of the most important advantages of relativistic mean-field (RMF) models in nuclear physics is the fact that the large spin-orbit (SO) potential emerges automatically from the inclusion of Lorentz-scalar and -vector potentials in the Dirac equation. It is therefore of great importance to compare the results of such models with experimental data. We investigate the size of $2p$ and $1f$ splittings for the isotone chain ${}^{40}$Ca, ${}^{38}$Ar, ${}^{36}$S, and ${}^{34}$Si in the framework of various relativistic and nonrelativistic density functionals. They are compared with the results of nonrelativistic models and with recent experimental data.

arXiv comment19 pages, 10 figures

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• Bubble nuclei: single-particle versus Coulomb interaction effects
• Matter distribution and spin-orbit force in spherical nuclei
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• Isospin dynamics in nuclear structure
• Model for independent particle motion