Optical selection rules of zigzag graphene nanoribbons

Abstract

We present an analytical tight-binding theory of the optical properties of graphene nanoribbons with zigzag edges. Applying the transfer matrix technique to the nearest-neighbor tight-binding Hamiltonian, we derive analytical expressions for electron wave functions and optical transition matrix elements for incident light polarized along the structure axis. It follows from the obtained results that optical selection rules result from the wave function parity factor $(-1{)}^J$, where $J$ is the band number. These selection rules are that $\Delta J$ is odd for transitions between valence and conduction subbands and that $\Delta J$ is even for transitions between only valence (conduction) subbands. Although these selection rules are different from those in armchair carbon nanotubes, there is a hidden correlation between absorption spectra of the two structures that should allow one to use them interchangeably in some applications. The correlation originates from the fact that van Hove singularities in the tubes are centered between those in the ribbons if the ribbon width is about a half of the tube circumference. The analysis of the matrix elements dependence on the electron wave vector for narrow ribbons shows a smooth non-singular behavior at the Dirac points and the points where the bulk states meet the edge states.

20 pages, 11 figures, updated in accordance with Phys. Rev. B 96, 199901(E) (2017)

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• Electric field induced injection and shift currents in zigzag graphene nanoribbons
• Band structure and inter-tube optical transitions in double-walled carbon nanotubes
• Exceptional points in oligomer chains
• Tuning terahertz transitions in a double-gated quantum ring
• Extended high-harmonic spectra through cascade resonance in confined quantum systems
• Landau quantization in buckled monolayer GaAs
• Tuning of Bilayer Graphene Heterostructure by Horizontally Incident Circular Polarized Light
• High-order harmonic generation in hexagonal nanoribbons
• Momentum alignment and the optical valley Hall effect in low-dimensional Dirac materials
• Wave functions and edge states in rectangular honeycomb lattices revisited: nanoflakes, armchair and zigzag nanoribbons and nanotubes
• Tunable chiral anomalies and coherent transport on a honeycomb lattice
• Influence of chirality on the electron transmission through step-like potential in zigzag, armchair, and (2m,m) carbon nanotubes