Canonical Universality
arXiv:1702.07722 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.99.010102
Abstract
Isolated quantum system in a pure state may be perceived as thermal if only substantially small fraction of all degrees of freedom is probed. We propose that in a chaotic quantum many-body system all states with sufficiently small energy fluctuations are approximately thermal. We refer to this hypothesis as Canonical Universality (CU). The CU hypothesis complements the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) which proposes that for chaotic systems individual energy eigenstates are thermal. Integrable and MBL systems do not satisfy CU. We provide theoretical and numerical evidence supporting the CU hypothesis.
10 pages, 15 figures, v2: behavior of γ(x) in the thermodynamic limit is clarified
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- Eigenstate thermalization for observables that break Hamiltonian symmetries and its counterpart in interacting integrable systems
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- Matrix product state approximations to quantum states of low energy variance
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- Lindblad engineering for quantum Gibbs state preparation under the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis
- Probing Off-diagonal Eigenstate Thermalization with Tensor Networks
- Variational Microcanonical Estimator