Validating the Characteristic Modes Solvers

Abstract

Characteristic modes of a spherical shell are found analytically as spherical harmonics normalized to radiate unitary power and to fulfill specific boundary conditions. The presented closed-form formulas lead to a proposal of precise synthetic benchmarks which can be utilized to validate the method of moments matrix or performance of characteristic mode decomposition. Dependence on the mesh size, electrical size and other parameters can systematically be studied, including the performance of various mode tracking algorithms. A noticeable advantage is the independence on feeding models. Both theoretical and numerical aspects of characteristic mode decomposition are discussed and illustrated by examples. The performance of state-of-the-art commercial simulators and academic packages having been investigated, we can conclude that all contemporary implementations are capable of identifying the first dominant modes while having severe difficulties with higher-order modes. Surprisingly poor performance of the tracking routines is observed notwithstanding the recent ambitious development.

12 pages, 17 figures, 1 table, submitted to IEEE TAP

Cited by in corpus (7)

• Computational Aspects of Characteristic Mode Decomposition -- An Overview
• Modal Tracking Based on Group Theory
• Unified Theory of Characteristic Modes: Part II -- Tracking, Losses, and FEM Evaluation
• Accurate and Efficient Evaluation of Characteristic Modes
• Dissipation Factors of Spherical Current Modes on Multiple Spherical Layers
• A Role of Symmetries in Evaluation of Fundamental Bounds
• Characteristic Modes Analysis of Mutually Coupled Log-Periodic Dipole Antennas