Quarkonium production at the LHC: a data-driven analysis of NRQCD's predictions

Abstract

While non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) foresees a variety of elementary quarkonium production mechanisms naturally leading to state-dependent kinematic patterns, the LHC cross sections and polarization measurements reveal a remarkably simple production scenario, independent of the quantum numbers and masses of the quarkonia. Surprisingly, NRQCD is able to accommodate the observed universal scenario, through a series of conspiring cancellations smoothing out its otherwise variegated hierarchy of mechanisms. This seemingly unnatural solution implies that the ${\chi }_{c1}$ and ${\chi }_{c2}$ polarizations, not yet measured, are strong and opposite, representing the only potential exception to a remarkably simple picture of quarkonium production. The observation of a large difference between ${\chi }_{c2}$ and ${\chi }_{c1}$ polarizations, which cannot be indirectly extracted from existing measurements because they mutually cancel each other in their contribution to the observed J/$\psi$ production, would be a smoking gun signal finally proving the multifaceted but mysteriously elusive structure of NRQCD. On the other hand, the measurement of two similar, small polarizations will urge improved P-wave calculations, if not a substantial revision of the NRQCD hierarchies.

Submitted to Phys. Lett. B

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Cited by in corpus (13)

• Measurement of the ${\eta }_c(1S)$ production cross-section in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV
• Observation of the ${\chi }_{b1}$(3P) and ${\chi }_{b2}$(3P) and measurement of their masses
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• Prompt and non-prompt J/$\psi$ production cross sections at midrapidity in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 and 13 TeV
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• Constraints on the ${\chi }_{c1}$ versus ${\chi }_{c2}$ polarizations in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 8 TeV
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• NRQCD colour-octet expansion vs LHC quarkonium production: signs of a hierarchy puzzle?
• Study of charmonium production using decays to hadronic final states with the LHCb experiment